Chapter 10 Flashcards
Steps taken by an ambulance crew when approaching the scene of an emergency call
Scene size-up
Injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissues
Penetrating trauma
Injury caused by a blow that does not penetrate the skin or other body tissues
Blunt-force trauma
The area around the wreckage of a vehicle collision or other incident within which special safety precautions should be taken
Danger zone
Awareness that there may be injuries
Index of suspicion
What is medically wrong with a patient
Nature of the illness
A force or forces that have caused an injury
Mechanism of injury
The scene size up is the first part of the patient assessment process. It begins as you approach the scene, surveying its to determine:
If there are any threats to your safety
If you arrive at a collision scene where there are police, fire vehicles, and other ambulances already present, you should:
Conduct your own scene size up.
When you are insight of the collision scene, you should watch for the signals of police officers and other emergency service personnel because:
They may have information about hazards or the location of injured persons.
When there are no apparent hazards, consider the dangers own to extend at least how many feet in all directions from the wreckage?
50
When the collision vehicle is on fire consider the danger zone to extend at least how many feet in all directions, even if the fire appears small unlimited to the engine compartment?
100
Standard precautions should be taken with all patients. The key element of standard precautions is to:
Always have personal protective equipment readily available.
Certain injuries are common to particular situations. Injuries to bones and joints are usually associated with:
Falls and vehicle collisions
Knowing the mechanism of injury assists the EMT in:
Predicting various injury patterns.
The physical forces and energy dating hinge on the patient are influenced by the laws of physics. One of those laws, the law of inertia, states that:
A body in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
You were treating a patient who was involved in a head-on collision. She was the unrestrained driver who took the “up and over” pathway. To which part of her body was she most likely to have sustained injuries?
Skull and upper body
You are on the scene of a car crash. Your patient has stable vital signs and is complaining of knee, leg, and hip pain. He also states that he was in the front seat of the car and did not have his seatbelt on. What type of collision did he most likely experience?
Head on, down and under
Which type of collision is most serious when the occupant is not restrained because it has the potential from multiple impacts?
Rollover
A severe fall for an adult is how many feet?
Over 20 feet
You are evaluating a patient who sustained a penetrating injury. The injury is usually limited to the penetrated area in what type of injury?
Low velocity
The pressure wave around a bullet track through the body is called:
Cavitation
You are evaluating a patient who sustained an injury caused by a blow with that hit the body but did not penetrate the skin. This type of butt injury is called a:
Blunt force trauma
While in the living room of a private home and treating a patient for nausea, headache, and general body weakness, your eyes begin to tear. Three family members have the same symptoms. You should immediately:
Evacuate all people from the building.
If the number of patients is more than the responding units can effectively handle, the EMT should:
Call for additional EMS resources immediately
When arriving at the scene of the collision, the EMT should:
Don head protection, bunker coat, and a reflective vest.
A significant danger faced by the EMT is violence. On arriving at the scene of a private home, you hear screaming from inside; or our beer cans piled up on the front porch; and as you knock on the door, it suddenly gets very quiet inside. What should you do next?
Retreat to a safe location and ask for the police to respond to secure the scene.
You arrive on the scene of a large fire. If the personnel at the scene are using the incident command/management system, you should:
Follow the instructions of the person in charge.
List the five signals that violence maybe a danger on your call.
One: fighting or loud voices Two: Visible weapons or weapons in use Three: Signs of alcohol or other drug use Four: unusual silence Five: knowledge of prior violence
Guidelines for establishing a danger zone when no apparent hazards:
50 foot perimeter in all directions
Guidelines establishing a danger zone when there is fuel spilled:
100 feet in all directions, stay upwind
Guidelines for establishing a dangers own when a vehicle is on fire:
100 feet in all directions
Guidelines for establishing a dangerous own when wires are down:
Anywhere in which people may come in contact with wires
Are guidelines for establishing a danger zone when involving hazardous materials:
Check DRG or ask for advice from CHEMTREC
List five types of motor vehicle collisions.
One: Head on up and over Two: Rear and Three: Side impact Four: rollover Five: rotational impact
Name a common injury pattern for head on collisions.
Up and over: Head, neck, chest, abdomen
Down and under: knee, leg, hip
Name a common injury pattern for rear end collisions.
Neck and head
Name a common injury pattern for side impact collisions
Next, head, chest, abdomen, pelvis and thighs
Name a common injury pattern for rollover collisions
Multiple serious injury potential
Name a common injury pattern for rotational impact collisions
Multiple injury patterns
