chapter 21-22 middle ages

Question 1

why did the scientific revolution start

Answer 1

the renaissance humanists began to read works in latin and greek that had different views than aristotle; thinkers disagreed

Question 2

ptolemy discovery

Answer 2

geocentric model of the universe

Question 3

nicolas copernicous discovery

Answer 3

heliocentric model of the universe

Question 4

what is the heliocentric theory

Answer 4

belief that the sun was the center of the universe, moved in an elliptical motion

Question 5

what is the geocentric theory

Answer 5

belief that earth was the center of the universe

Question 6

rene descartes beliefs on rationalism

Answer 6

wanted to start over with his beliefs and only believe what he could prove; based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

Question 7

francis bacon discovery

Answer 7

scientific method

Question 8

john locke beliefs

Answer 8

people were born with a blank mind and were molded by their experiences

Question 9

baron de montesquieu discovery

Answer 9

englands government had 3 branches

Question 10

deism beliefs

Answer 10

god had created the universe and set in motion, also believed that god allowed the universe to run without his interference

Question 11

what is laissez faire

Answer 11

concept that the state shouldnt impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone

Question 12

what are coffeehouses

Answer 12

gathering places where ideas were exchanged, could provide newspapers for free, usually women

Question 13

what happened at salons

Answer 13

writeres, artisans, and other wealthy middle class people would discuss ideas of philosophes

Question 14

characteristics of rococo

Answer 14

highly secular, emphasized grace and charm, gentle acting

Question 15

wolfgang amadeus mozart creation

Answer 15

new style of music: classical music

Question 16

what was enlightened absolutism

Answer 16

a system in which rulers tried to govern by enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers

Question 17

what is serfdom

Answer 17

kept a rigid system of social classes so everyone was NOT treated equally

Question 18

where was the seven years war fought

Answer 18

india, europe, and north america

Question 19

seven years war effect on britain

Answer 19

gained control of india, gained land east of the mississippi from france, by 1763 it was the worlds largest colonial power

Question 20

why did the stamp act exist

Answer 20

british leaders wanted to get more money from the colonies to help cover costs

Question 21

what did the treaty of paris do

Answer 21

recognized independence of american colonies, gave americans control of western territory

Question 22

problems with the articles of confederation

Answer 22

almost all power was in the states, the nation was too weak

Question 23

who has the power based on the constitution

Answer 23

power was shared between national and state governments

Question 24

where did the bill of rights come from

Answer 24

natural rights proposed philosophies and writers like john locke

Question 25

what did the first estate bring to the french society

Answer 25

upper clergy members were often from nobility and their voices carried more weight

Question 26

what occupations did most people in the second estate have

Answer 26

government, military, and courts

Question 27

the third estate contribution to french society

Answer 27

defeated guards, decapitated the warden, demolished bastille brick by brick

Question 28

what did the invasion of the bastille lead to

Answer 28

the beginning of the french revolution

Question 29

what did the declaration of rights of man and the citizens do

Answer 29

all men are created equal and free, public office was based on talent, no one is exempt from taxation, freedom of speech is guaranteed, men and women had the same rights

Question 30

the national convention

Answer 30

first goal was to abolish the monarchy and develop a republic, executed over 1800 people in lyons, children go to school until age 10, slavery was abolished

Question 31

the reign of terror affect on society

Answer 31

new constitution, churches reopened

Question 32

why did the directory fail

Answer 32

the amount of corruption that took place

Question 33

what is a coup detat

Answer 33

takeover of the government

Question 34

napoleon bonaparte changes

Answer 34

positive relationship w the catholic church, created a consulate government, seven codes , women were not equal

Question 35

the napoleon empire

Answer 35

french empire, dependent states, allied states

Question 36

what led to the napoleon empire decline

Answer 36

the french never fully defeated great britain, nationalism increased

Question 37

what happened to napoleons army when they invaded russia

Answer 37

lost thousands of soliders

Question 38

why was napoleon allowed to return to france

Answer 38

his quote if theres a man among you who would kill your emperor, here i am

Question 39

battle of waterloo effect

Answer 39

napoleon was exiled until he died in 1821

Question 40

congress of vienna changes

Answer 40

rearranged who owned what land to balance out power