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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY > Chapter 21 & 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 & 22 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Steven, a grade 11 student, experienced severe unpleasant tension and distress about going to school every day. Each morning when he arrived at school he reported having bouts of nausea and diarrhea.

What was Steven’s initial complaint?

A

anxiety

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2
Q

Steven told his family about his daily struggles and he was taken for help to a medical specialist who treats the mind.

Who was Steven taken to see for help?

A

psychiatrist

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3
Q

The doctor prescribed medications to treat his distress, as well as medications to act against the daily bouts of diarrhea; as well as medication to help prevent nausea and vomiting.

What is the medical term for a drug that prevents nausea and vomiting?

A

antiemetic

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4
Q

What is the medical term for a drug that acts against diarrhea?

A

antidiarrheal

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5
Q

What type of chemicals promote activity?

A

stimulants

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6
Q

What is the medical term for bad feelings?

A

dysphoria

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7
Q

What is the medical term for building resistance?

A

tolerance

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8
Q

What is the medical term for overly suspicious thinking?

A

paranoia

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9
Q

What is the medical term for involuntary persistent ideas, emotions or urges?

A

obsession

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10
Q

What is the term for a state in which the effect of a drug is declining, causing the user to require greater amounts to achieve the desired effect?

A

tolerance

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11
Q

What is the term for the behavioral disturbance displayed after taking a psychoactive substance?

A

intoxication

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12
Q

How is a substance use disorder diagnosed?

A

when the use of the substance impacts function or health

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13
Q

SAD is the abbreviation for

A

Seasonal Affective Disorder

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14
Q

prescription is abbreviated as

A

Rx

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15
Q

therapy is abbreviated as

A

Rx

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16
Q

Subcutaneous is abbreviated as

A

SubQ

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17
Q

qAM is the abbreviation for

A

every morning

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18
Q

Sublingual is abbreviated as

A

SL

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19
Q

PO is the abbreviation for

A

by mouth

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20
Q

PRN is the abbreviation for

A

as needed

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21
Q

ASD is the abbreviation for

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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22
Q

Electroconvulsion therapy is abbreviated as

A

ECT

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23
Q

bid is the abbreviation for

A

two times a day

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24
Q

milligram is abbreviated as

A

mg

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25
Q

PTSD is the abbreviation for

A

post-traumatic stress disorder

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26
Q

OCD is the abbreviation for

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder

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27
Q

Intramuscular is abbreviated as

A

IM

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28
Q

Instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body

A

syringe

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29
Q

Book that lists and describes drug products

A

compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties (CPS)

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30
Q

Study of the preparation properties, uses, and actions of drugs

A

Pharmacology

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31
Q

Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body

A

receptor

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32
Q

Giving drugs by placement under the tongue

A

sublingual administration

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33
Q

Effect with a combination of two drugs that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.

A

synergism

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34
Q

Giving drugs by insertion through the anus into the rectum

A

rectal administration

35
Q

Calculation of drug concentration in tissues and body fluids over a period of time

A

pharmacokinetics

36
Q

Adverse reaction that routinely results from use of a drug

A

side effect

37
Q

Governmental agency that has the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use

A

Health Canada

38
Q

Lack of responsiveness to others, associated with preoccupation with self

A

autism

39
Q

absence of emotions

A

apathy

40
Q

Uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly

A

compulsion

41
Q

Uncomfortable feelings are separated from their real object and redirected

A

dissociation

42
Q

loss of memory

A

amnesia

43
Q

a nonreactive state; stupor

A

mutism

44
Q

anxiety that becomes a bodily symptom with no organic basis

A

conversion

45
Q

persistent idea, emotion, or urge

A

obsession

46
Q

false or unreal sensory perception

A

hallucination

47
Q

state of excessive excitability; agitation

A

mania

48
Q

Fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence

A

delusion

49
Q

feelings of apprehension, uneasiness, dread

A

anxiety

50
Q

legal, noncommercial name for a drug

A

generic name

51
Q

exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered drug or foreign protein

A

anaphylaxis

52
Q

chemical formula for a drug

A

chemical name

53
Q

agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug

A

antidote

54
Q

Drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects off each

A

additive action

55
Q

Effect with a combination of two drugs that is less than an additive effect

A

antagonistic action

56
Q

factor in the patient’s condition that prevents the use of a particular drug or treatment

A

contraindication

57
Q

physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug

A

addiction

58
Q

commercial name for a drug; trademark or trade name

A

brand name

59
Q

particles of a drug suspended in air

A

aerosol

60
Q

antibiotic

A

penicillin or erythromycin

61
Q

stimulant

A

caffeine or amphetamines

62
Q

antihistamine

A

drug that relieves allergic symptoms

63
Q

antidiabetic

A

insulin

64
Q

analgesic

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

65
Q

drug that reduces lipids in blood

A

cholesterol-lowering drug

66
Q

drug that promotes excretion or urine, lowering blood pressure

A

diuretic

67
Q

drug that strengthens the force and efficiency of the heartbeat

A

digoxin

68
Q

drug that widens blood vessels

A

vasodilator

69
Q

drug that reduces blood pressure

A

antihypertensive

70
Q

no loyalty to or concern for others; does not tolerate frustration and blames others when he or she is at fault:

A

antisocial

71
Q

flamboyant, theatrical, emotionally immature:

A

histrionic

72
Q

fantasies of success and power and grandiose sense of self-importance:

A

narcissistic

73
Q

pervasive, unwarranted suspiciousness and mistrust of people

A

paranoid

74
Q

emotionally cold, aloof, indifferent to praise or criticism or feelings of others:

A

schizoid

75
Q

a trance is used to help the patient recover deeply repressed feelings:

A

hypnosis

76
Q

toys are used to help children express conflict and feelings

A

play therapy

77
Q

patients express feelings by acting out roles with other patients:

A

psychodrama

78
Q

long-term and intense exploration of unconscious feelings, using techniques such as transference and free association:

A

psychoanalysis

79
Q

Select the term that is spelled incorrectly

a. dysphoria
b. hallusination
c. amnesia
d. mania

A

b. hallusination

80
Q

cathartics are a class of drug that relieves:

a. depression
b. congestive heart failure
c. constipation
d. anaphylaxis
e. infection
f. epilepsy

A

c. constipation

81
Q

Select the term that is spelled correctly

a. antianginal
b. auntianginal
c. antianginel

A

a. antianginal

82
Q

The combining form alges/o means:

a. stupor
b. sensitivity to pain
c. feeling or sensation
d. treatment

A

b. sensitivity to pain

83
Q

Which drug administration route is shown in the image below?

a. oral
b. rectal
c. intravenous
d. intracavitary

A

c. intravenous

84
Q

The suffix -phobia

A

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (7 decks)

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