Chapter 2.1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are living things made of?
Chemical compounds
What is the basic unit of matter?
The atom
What charge does a proton have and where is it found?
Positive, nucleus
What charge does a neutron charge have and where is it found?
Neutral, nucleus
What charge does an electron have and where is it found?
Negative, electron cloud
Where is the nucleus located?
The center of the atom
What is an element?
A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
What does the atomic number mean?
It states the number of protons and electrons
What are isotopes of an element?
Atoms of one atom that have different numbers of neutrons
How are isotopes identified?
Their mass number
What is a mass number?
the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Do all isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties?
yes
Why does a radioactive isotope give off radiation?
Its nucleus is decaying at a constant rate
What is a chemical compound?
When two or more elements combine in definite proportions
What is another name for chemical compound?
chemical formula
Are chemical properties of a compound the same or different from the pure elements from which it formed?
Different
How are the atoms held together in a compound?
Chemical bonds
What are the two main types of chemical bonds?
Ionic and covalent
What are ions?
Positively and negatively charged ions
What are molecules?
The smallest unit of most compounds that result from atoms joined by covalent bonds
What are van der Waal forces?
When intermolecular forces of attraction between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules occurs. They are not as strong as ionic or covalent forces, but can hold large molecules together
