Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT 19-23 > chapter 21 > Flashcards

chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

Substance whose chemicals action can damage body strucutures or impair body function

A

Posion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect

A

Substance abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Substance that will counteract the effects of a particular poison

A

Antidote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Need for increasing amounts of a drug to obtain the same effect

A

Tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Overstimulates body functions controlled by parasympathetic nerves

A

Cholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Taking a substance by mouth

A

Ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vomiting blood

A

Hematemesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Agent that produces an excited state

A

stimulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

drug or agent with actions similar to morophine

A

opioid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

substance that decreases activity and excitement

A

sedative

`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

atropine, Benadryl, some cyclic antidepressants

A

anticholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Activated charcoal is in the form of a(n):

A

suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The presence of burning of the mucous membranes around the mouth suggest:

A

ingestion of posion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment for ingestion of poisonous plants includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A

Administering activated charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The most important consideration in caring for a patient who has been exposed to an organophosphate insecticide or some other cholinergic agent is to:

A

avoid exposure yourself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following would NOT provide clues to the nature of the poison?

A

Open windows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which of the following is TRUE regarding injected poisons?

A

Injected potions cannot be diluted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The major side effect of ingesting activated charcoal is:

A

black stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

alcohol is a powerful central nervous system depressant. It:

A

slows reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the following is NOT a narcotic?

A

Ativan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which of the following is NOT part of treatment of patients who have overdosed with sedative-hypnotics and have respiratory depression?

A

administer syrup of ipecac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

anticholinergic medications have properties that block the_____nerves

A

parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

___________crack produces the most rapid means of absorption and therefore the most potent effect

A

smoked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cholinergic agents overstimulate normal body functions that are controlled bt parasympathetic nerves, causing:

A

increased salivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Signs and symptoms of staphylococcal food poisoning include:

A

nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Inhalant effects range from mild drowsiness to coma, but unlike most other sedative-hypnotics these agents may often cause:

A

seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

cocaine is called all of the following EXECPT:

A

weed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the effects of bath salts can last as long as:

A

48 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the ingestion of marijuana can lead to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, resulting in extreme nausea and vomiting. How are these symptoms typically relieved?

A

hot showers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

sympathomimetics are central system stimulants that frequently cause:

A

tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

characteristics of carbon monoxide include all of the following EXCEPT:

A

smells like rotten eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Chlorine

A

causes pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

localized signs and symptoms of absorbed poising include:

A

burns, irritation of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

which of the following statements regarding injected poisons is FALSE?

A

They are easily diluted once in the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

_____ is a highly toxic, colorless, and flammable gas with a distinctive rotten-egg odor

A

hydrogen sulfide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

injected poisons are impossible to dilute to remove because they are usually________or cause intense local tissue destruction

A

absorbed quickly into the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

medical problems that may cause the patient to present as intoxicated include all of the following EXCEPT:

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

which of the following is NOT considered a sign or symptom of alcohol withdrawal?

A

chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

treatments for inhaled poisons include:

A

removing the patient from the exposure

40
Q

signs and symptoms of chlorine exposure include all of the following EXCEPT:

41
Q

which of the following is NOT a typical ingested poison?

A

aerosol propellants

42
Q

naloxone(narcan) should only be used in a patient with a suspected opiate or opiod overdose who has:

A

agonal respirations or apnea

43
Q

inhaled poisons include:

44
Q

which of the following is NOT considered a typical route of administration for naloxone?

A

intradermal

45
Q

The usual adult dose of activated charcoal is 30 to 100g

46
Q

the general treatment of a poisoning patient is to induce vomiting

47
Q

activated charcoal is a standard of care in all ingestions

48
Q

inhaled chlorine produces profound hypoxia without lung irritation

49
Q

shaking activated charcoal decreases its effectiveness

50
Q

opioid overdose typically presents with pinpoint pupils

51
Q

cholinergic include nerve gases used in chemical warfare and organophosphate insecticides

52
Q

alcohol is a stimulant

53
Q

dilaudid and Vicodin are examples of opioids

54
Q

cocaine is classically inhaled through the nose and absorbed in the nasal mucosa

55
Q

alcohol can result in significant respiratory depression

56
Q

ingestion of the plant dieffenbachia can cause irritation of the lower airway

57
Q

the most sever form of toxin ingestion is______

58
Q

____ ___ produce euphoria, increased mental clarity, and sexual arousal

A

bath salts

59
Q

_____ _____is the misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect

A

substance abuse

60
Q

if the patient has a liquid chemical agent on the skin, you should flood the affected part for___ ___ ___ minutes

A

15 to 20 minutes

61
Q

opioid analgesic are central nervous system depressants and can cause sever ____ _____

A

respiratory depression

62
Q

severe acute alcohol ingestion may cause_____-

A

hypoglycemia

63
Q

your primary responsibility to the patient who has been poisoned is to ______ that a poisoning occured

64
Q

the usual dosage of activated charcoal for an adult or child is__ __ of activated charcoal per____ of body weight

A

1 gram, kilogram

65
Q

as you irrigate the eyes, make sure that the fluid runs from the bridge of the nose____

66
Q

approximately 80% of all poisoning is by_____,including plants,contaminated food, and most drugs

67
Q

patients experiencing alcohol withdrawal may develop_____ ____ if they no longer have their daily source of alcohol

A

delirium tremens

68
Q

the_____ _____ is a single auto-injector containing 2mg of atropine and 600mg of pralidoxime

A

duo dote auto-injector

69
Q

a person with an_____has an overwhelming desire to continue using the substance, at whatever cost, with a tendency to increase the dose

70
Q

_____may develop from sweating, fluid loss, insufficient fluid intake, or vomitting associated with delirium tremens

A

hypovolemia

71
Q

the study of toxic or poisonous substances

A

toxicology

72
Q

swallowing; taking a substance by mouth

73
Q

a substance that decreases activity and excitement

74
Q

an excessive quantity of a drug that can have toxic or lethal consequences

75
Q

an agent that produces an excited state

76
Q

a poison or harmful substance produced by baterica, animals, or plants

77
Q

a sleep-inducing effect or agent

78
Q

any drug or agent with actions similar to morphine

79
Q

substance____- is the misuse of any substance to produce some desired effects

80
Q

a state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a drug or agent

81
Q

a substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison

82
Q

vomiting

83
Q

_____tremens is a severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol

84
Q

vomited material

85
Q

a substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body

86
Q

how does activated charcoal work to counteract ingested poison?

A

absorbs(binds to) the toxin and keeps it From being absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract

87
Q

what are four routes of contact for poising?

A
  1. ingestion
  2. inhalation
  3. injecton
  4. absorbtion
88
Q

list the typical signs and symptoms of an overdose of sympathomimetics

A

hypertension,tachcardia,baranoia, and dilated pupis, along with irritability, agitation, anxiety, restlessness, or seizures

89
Q

what are the two main types of food poisoning?

A
  1. the organism itself causes the disease

2. the organism produces toxins that cause disease

90
Q

what differentiates the presentation of acetaminophen poisoning from that of other substances? What does this mean to the prehospital caregiver?

A

symptoms of acetaminophen overdose do not appear until the damage is irreversible, up to weeks later. Finding evidence at the scene can save the patient life

91
Q

what conditon do the mnemonics DUMBELS and SLUDGEM pertain to, and what do they mean?

A

they describe patient presentation in cholinergic poisoning. Diarrhea,Urination,Miosis/Muscle weakness,Bradycardia/Brochospasm/Bronchorrhea,Emesis,Lacrimation,Salvation/Seizures,Sweating… Salvation/Sweating,Lacrimation,Urination,Defecation,Drooling,Diarrhea,Gastric upset/cramp, Enemis,Muscle twitching/Miosis

92
Q

List at least five questions should you ask a possible poisoning victim

A
  1. what substance did you take?
  2. . When did you take it or become exposed to it?
  3. How much did you inject or were exposed to?
  4. How long ago did you take it or were exposed?
  5. what actions have been taken?
  6. How much do you weigh?
93
Q

which of the following would NOT be an appropriate question to ask regarding an ingested poison?

A

what color was the substance?

94
Q

“Hot as a hare, blind as a bat, dry as a bone, red as a beet, and mad as a hatter” describes which of the following conditions?

A

anticholinergic poisoing

95
Q

shigella, campylobacter, and Enterococcus are associated with what type of poisoing?

96
Q

ice, crank,speed, uppers, and meth are all street names for which type of poison?

A

sympathomimetics

97
Q

when would you NOT give activated charcoal

A

if the patient drank gasoline

EMT 19-23 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions