Chapter 20: Pituitary Flashcards
Releases TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH, and dopamine into median eminence; passes through neurohypophysis on way to adenohypophysis
Hypothalamus
Inhibits prolactin secretion
Dopamine
Neurohypophysis
Posterior pituitary
Supraoptic nuclei, regulated by osmolar receptors in hypothalamus
ADH
Paraventricular nuclei in hypothalamus
Oxytocin
Does not contain cell bodies
Neurohypophysis
80% of pituitary gland
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
What does the anterior pituitary release?
ADH, TSH, GH, LH, FSH, PROLACTIN
Blood supply of anterior pituitary
Does not have its own direct blood supply; passes through neurohypophysis 1st (portal venous system)
Pituitary mass compressing optic nerve (CNII) at chiasm
Bi-temporal hemianopia
Almost always macro adenomas; present with mass effect and decreased ACTH, TSH, GH, LH, FSH. Tx: transsphenoidal resection
Nonfunctional tumors
Tx: nonfunctional pituitary tumors
Transsphenoidal resection
Contraindications to transsphenoidal approaches
Suprasellar extension, massive lateral extension, dumbbell-shaped tumor
Most pituitary tumors respond to…
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)
- MC pituitary adenoma
- Mostly microadenomas
Prolactinoma