Chapter 20 Perio Assessment and Charting

Question 1

What are the 4 units to a healthy periodontium?

Answer 1

Gingiva
PDL
Alveolar process
Cementum

Question 2

What is gingiva?

Answer 2

The masticatory oral mucosa that surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth

Question 3

What are the 4 anatomic areas of the gingiva?

Answer 3

Free or unattached gingiva
gingival sulcus
attached gingiva
interdental gingiva/papilla

Question 4

What is the free gingiva?

Answer 4

Gingival tissue closest to the crown, does not directly attach to alveolar bone

Question 5

What is located 0.5 to 2mm coronal to the CEJ and fits tightly around each tooth?

Answer 5

Free gingiva

Question 6

What is the gingival sulcus?

Answer 6

The space between the free gingiva and the tooth

Question 7

A healthy gingival sulcus usually measures what from the GM to the base of the sulcus?

Answer 7

0.5 to 3mm

Question 8

What is attached gingiva?

Answer 8

Free gingiva connects with the alveolar gingiva at the gingival groove, the attached gingiva is continuous with the free gingiva

Question 9

What shallow groove is clinically visible in less than one-half of the population?

Answer 9

Gingival groove

Question 10

Attached gingiva covers what?

Answer 10

The crestal portion of the alveolar bone on the facial and lingual surfaces and roof of the mouth

Question 11

Where is the gingival papilla located?

Answer 11

The interdental space between two adjacent teeth

Question 12

Alveolar mucosa

Answer 12

Movable tissue loosely attached to underlying alveolar bone. Compromised of nonkeratinized epithelium

Question 13

Junctional Epithelium JE

Answer 13

A cufflike band of squamous epithelium that completely encircles and is attached to the tooth. Base of the sulcus is formed by JE

Question 14

Gingival crevicular fluid GCF

Answer 14

A serumlike fluid secreted from underlying connective tissue into the sulcular space, little or no fluid is found in a healthy gingival sulcus. But can flow 1 day after no oral biofilm control

Question 15

Cementum

Answer 15

mineralized bonelike substance that covers the roots of teeth and serves as attachment point for PDL fibers

Question 16

Periodontal ligament PDL

Answer 16

Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds and attaches the tooth roots to the alveolar bone

Question 17

Alveolar bone

Answer 17

Compromised of compact or cortical bone and of spongy bone marked by trabecular spaces, compact bone is outside wall, spongy bone is interior

Question 18

Alveolar crest

Answer 18

Alveolar bone located between the teeth

Question 19

Periodontal endoscope

Answer 19

Illuminated fiberoptic instrument that provides high magnification views of the gingival sulcus or perio pocket

Question 20

Dental biofilm-induced gingivitis

Answer 20

Is inflammation of the gingival tissue and a reversible bacterial infection confined to the gingival tissue

Question 21

What occurs in gingivitis?

Answer 21

Free gingiva shows signs of inflammation, but no apical migration of the JE has occurred beyond the CEJ, no evident bone loss

Question 22

What are the three clinical features of necrotizing periodontal diseases?

Answer 22

papillary necrosis
bleeding
pain

Question 23

Gingival recession

Answer 23

Apical migration of the margin of the gingiva causing root exposure

Question 24

Traumatic Occlusal Force

Answer 24

Any occlusal force that damages the teeth or periodontal attachment tissues

Question 25

Occlusal trauma

Answer 25

Injury to the periodontium

Question 26

Supracrestal attached tissues

Answer 26

Formerly biologic width, are the JE and connective tissues that attach the gingiva to the alveolar bone above the crest of the bone

Question 27

Periodontal abscess

Answer 27

Localized periodontal infections that result in inflammation and can ultimately lead to the formation of purulent exudate

Question 28

Purulent exudate

Answer 28

Containing pus

Question 29

What are osseointegrated dental implants monitored for?

Answer 29

peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, or peri-implant soft and hard tissue deficiencies

Question 30

Peri-implant health

Answer 30

The absence of redness (erythema), swelling (edema), bleeding, and suppuration of tissues surrounding the implant.

Question 31

Peri-implant mucositis

Answer 31

Inflamed gingival tissue surrounding a dental implant and is characterized by redness, bleeding, swelling, and/or suppuration, slightly deeper PD is possible due to tissue enlargement from inflammation rather than bone loss

Question 32

Peri-implantitis

Answer 32

A dental biofilm-induced disease that can also be caused by placement or surgical trauma. Characterized by same inflammatory signs as peri-implant mucositis, and also has progressing alveolar bone loss

Question 33

Peri-implant soft and hard tissue deficiencies

Answer 33

Reduced dimensions of the alveolar bone or ridge that occur during the healing process after tooth loss

Question 34

Psuedopocket

Answer 34

Artificially deepened sulcus caused by the marginal gingiva moving coronally not apically from inflammation

Question 35

Probing depth

Answer 35

Distance from gingival margin to the base of sulcus/pocket

Question 36

Periodontal pocket

Answer 36

Pathologically deepened sulcus

Question 37

Suprabony periodontal pocket

Answer 37

occurs when JE has migrated below CEJ but remains above crest of alveolar bone, commonly associated with horizontal bone loss

Question 38

Intrabony periodontal pocket

Answer 38

occurs when JE migrates below the crest of the alveolar bone, commonly associated with vertical bone loss

Question 39

Clinical Attachment Loss CAL

Answer 39

The position of the attached periodontal tissues at the base of the pocket, determined by comparing GM distance from CEJ with distance from base or pocket

Question 40

Furcation involvement

Answer 40

Loss of interradicular bone and PDL attachment of multirooted teeth

Question 41

Tooth mobility

Answer 41

Degree to which a tooth can move horizontally or apically, 3 grades

Question 42

Fremitus

Answer 42

Vibration or movement of teeth when in contacting positions from the patient's own occlusal forces

Question 43

PSRs

Answer 43

Periodontal Screening and Recording, codes 0-4