Chapter 20 - Frozen Desserts Flashcards
What is a Churn-Frozen dessert?
Churn-Frozen means that the mixture is constantly mixed while it is freezing.
What does the churning process incorporate into the dessert? Why?
Air! So that the ice crystals remain small and the dessert does not freeze into a solid block of ice.
Define: Ice Cream
A smooth, frozen mixture of milk, cream, sugar, flavourings, and sometimes eggs.
What is the difference between Philadelphia-Style Ice Cream and French-Style Ice Cream?
Philadelphia does not contain eggs.
French contains egg yolks.
What properties do eggs add to ice cream?
Eggs add richness and help make a smoother product because of their emulsifying properties.
Define: Ice Milk
Like ice cream, but has a lower butterfat content
Define: Frozen Yogurt
Contains yogurt in addition to the milk, cream, sugar, flavourings, and possibly eggs found in ice cream or ice milk.
Define: Sherbets
A mixture of fruit juices, water, and sugar.
What ingredients may also be found in American Sherbet?
American Sherbet may also contain milk or cream, and sometimes, egg whites.
What characteristics do egg whites add to sherbet?
Egg whites increase smoothness and volume.
Define: Water Ices or Ices
Contain only fruit juice, water, sugar, and sometimes, egg whites. They do not contain milk products.
What is an alternate term for Ices?
Sorbet
Define: Granite
Coarse, crystalline ice made without egg whites.
What are the Italian names for Ice Cream, Sorbet, and Granite, respectively?
Gelato, Sorbetto, and Granita
How does Gelato differ from Ice Cream?
Gelato has a lower amount of fat. Often made with just milk or a small amount of cream, and no egg yolks. They often melt faster and have a light texture and flavour due to the low overrun.
What is the usual ratio for cream and milk in a French-Style Ice Cream?
1:2 or 1:4
How is Soft-Serve Ice Cream served?
Directly from the churning machine.
What is another name for soft-serve ice cream?
Ice Milk
What are the three quality factors to be aware of when making or buying ice cream?
- Smoothness
- Overrun
- Mouth Feel
What is the smoothness of ice cream accredited to?
Smoothness is dependant upon the size of the ice crystals in the product.
What are 3 ways to keep ice crystals in ice cream small?
- Rapid Freezing
- Churned Well
- Added Eggs or Emulsifiers/Stabilizers
What temperature must ice cream be stored at, in order to avoid large ice crystals from forming?
-18C or below
Define: Overrun
Overrun is the increase in volume due to the incorporation of air when freezing ice cream. Expressed as a percentage of the original volume of the mix.
What percentage of overrun classifies a product as ice cream?
0-50% any more and it is a Frozen Dessert
List 3 commonly used stabilizers in ice creams?
- Agar
- Carrageenan
- Guar Gum
- Gelatin
- Pectin
- Sodium Alginate
Define: Parfait
An ice cream dessert made by alternating layers of ice cream and fruit or syrup in a tall, narrow glass.
Define: Sundaes/Coupes
A dessert consisting of 1-2 scoops of ice cream or sherbet placed in a dish or glass and topped with any of a number of syrups, fruits, toppings, and garnishes.
Describe Peach Melba
Vanilla ice cream topped with a poached peach half, covered with melba sauce, and topped with slivered almonds.
Describe Baked Alaska
A mound of ice cream atop a cake base, covered in meringue and torched.
Which ingredients have a significant impact on proper freezing in ice creams?
Sugar and alcohol
What impact will too much sugar have on ice cream?
It will not freeze enough to become firm.
What impact will too little sugar have on ice cream?
Will not have desired smoothness.
What is the percentage of sugar for a basic vanilla ice cream?
16-20% of the total weight
Why is it best to let finished ice cream mixes sit for 12 hours before churning?
This rest time enables the proteins of the eggs and milk to bond with more water, therefore, leaving fewer water molecules available to form ice crystals.
What tool is used to measure sugar concentration?
Hydrometer
What are the units of measure for sugar concentration?
Brix or Baume
Which product characteristically has larger ice crystals?
Granitas
Define: Still Frozen Dessert
A still-frozen dessert has air incorporated into it prior to being frozen in a container without mixing.
Give 3 examples of still-frozen desserts.
- Bombes
- Frozen Souffles
- Frozen Mousses
What effect does alcohol have on frozen desserts?
Liquors and spirits are often used to add flavour, however, they lower the freezing point considerably.
How can a dessert not freezing due to too much alcohol be fixed?
By adding more whipped cream.
What 3 ingredients make-up a parfait mixture?
- Thick, Sweet Egg Yolk Foam
- Equal Volume of Whipped Cream
- Flavourings
Define: Bombe
A type of frozen dessert made in a dome-shaped mold. It is often elaborately decorated with fruits, whipped cream, petit four sec, etc.
Define: Frozen Mousse
Light frozen desserts containing whipped cream
Define: Frozen Souffle
A frozen mousse or bombe mixture frozen in a souffle mold with a collar so that the mold extends 2-inches or more above the rim.
