Chapter 20 Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Emergencies Flashcards
1. Which of the following behaviors does NOT place a person at risk for gastrointestinal disease? A) Stress B) Smoking C) High-fiber diet D) Salicylate ingestion
Ans: C
Page: 1125
Type: General Knowledge
2. The portal vein transports venous blood from the gastrointestinal tract directly to the: A) liver. B) colon. C) spleen. D) gallbladder.
Ans: A
Page: 1126
Type: General Knowledge
3. Peristalsis is defined as: A) the churning of food. B) rhythmic contraction. C) turbulent blood flow. D) passive regurgitation.
Ans: B
Page: 1126
Type: General Knowledge
4. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ controls the amount of food that moves back up the esophagus. A) duodenum B) cardiac sphincter C) gastric mucosa D) pyloric sphincter
Ans: B
Page: 1126
Type: General Knowledge
5. Drinking alcohol with a fatty meal: A) delays gastric emptying. B) slows duodenal absorption. C) increases gastric absorption. D) rapidly increases blood alcohol levels.
Ans: A
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
6. The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder connect to the digestive system at the: A) ilium. B) secum. C) jejunum. D) duodenum.
Ans: D
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
- Bile is stored in the _________ and is released into the __________, where it helps to _______.
A) liver, gallbladder, break down fats
B) duodenum, gallbladder, digest food
C) gallbladder, duodenum, emulsify fats
D) liver, gallbladder, metabolize proteins
Ans: C
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
8. The conversion of glycogen to glucose occurs in the: A) blood. B) liver. C) spleen. D) pancreas.
Ans: B
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
- Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
A) Storage of bile
B) Drug detoxification
C) Storage of vitamins and minerals
D) Completion of red and white blood cell breakdown
Ans: A
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
10. Most of the digestive process occurs in the: A) liver. B) pancreas. C) jejunum. D) small intestine.
Ans: D
Page: 1127
Type: General Knowledge
11. If water is not reabsorbed in the colon: A) diarrhea occurs. B) constipation occurs. C) the appendix may rupture. D) waste material is solidified.
Ans: A
Page: 1128
Type: General Knowledge
12. The exocrine function of the pancreas produces: A) insulin. B) glucagon. C) enzymes. D) somatostatin.
Ans: C
Page: 1127, 1129
Type: General Knowledge
13. Filtering of blood and recycling of dead red blood cells are functions of the: A) liver. B) spleen. C) pancreas. D) kidneys.
Ans: B
Page: 1129
Type: General Knowledge
14. Pain over the suprapubic region is MOST suggestive of injury to the: A) urethra. B) ureters. C) bladder. D) iliac arteries.
Ans: C
Page: 1129
Type: General Knowledge
15. When forming your general impression of a patient with gastrointestinal distress, which of the following observations would provide the MOST information regarding what happened? A) Resting blood pressure B) Skin condition and temperature C) The patient's facial expression D) Body posture or position
Ans: D
Page: 1130
Type: General Knowledge
16. Patients with an extremely advanced bowel obstruction may have feculent breath, which is the odor of: A) blood. B) chyme. C) acetone. D) stool.
Ans: D
Page: 1130
Type: General Knowledge
- Hypotension during an episode of dehydration indicates that the body is:
A) decompensating due to an excessive loss of blood as well as water and key electrolytes.
B) shifting water from inside the cells to the interstitial space in an attempt to maintain perfusion.
C) compensating by releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system.
D) no longer capable of effectively pulling fluid from the interstitial space and the cellular area.
Ans: D
Page: 1138
Type: General Knowledge
- When diarrhea contains more water than it does fecal material:
A) the body loses an equal amount of electrolytes and water.
B) the concentration of electrolytes that are lost increases significantly.
C) the body’s key electrolytes are spared and are not passed in the diarrhea.
D) smaller amounts of electrolytes are lost compared to the amount of lost water.
Ans: D
Page: 1138
Type: General Knowledge
19. Common signs and symptoms of acute gastroenteritis include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) fever. B) chest pain. C) severe diarrhea. D) abdominal pain.
Ans: A
Page: 1147
Type: General Knowledge
20. Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to result in peritonitis? A) Stomach rupture B) Splenic laceration C) Acute appendicitis D) Bowel perforation
Ans: B
Page: 1147
Type: General Knowledge
21. In contrast to a patient with peritonitis, a patient with hepatitis would MOST likely initially experience: A) hematochezia. B) diffuse abdominal pain. C) right upper quadrant pain. D) referred pain to the left shoulder.
Ans: C
Page: 1142
Type: General Knowledge