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Biology > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three layers of the blood vessel wall ?

A

Tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa

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2
Q

What are hemorrhoids ?

A

Varicose veins of the anal canal

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3
Q

What are arteries ?

A

The efferent vessels of the cardiovascular system that carry blood away from the heart

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4
Q

What are veins ?

A

The afferent vessels that carry blood back to the heart

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5
Q

What are capillaries ?

A

Microscopic, thin-walled vessels that connect the smallest arteries to the smallest veins

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6
Q

What is tunica externa composed of ?

A

Loose connective tissue

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7
Q

What is tunica interna composed of ?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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8
Q

What is tunica media composed of ?

A

Smooth muscle, collagen, and elastic tissue in some cases

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9
Q

What is the force that blood exerts against a vessel wall ?

A

Blood pressure

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10
Q

What is the most common capillary type ?

A

Continuous capillaries

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11
Q

What are the 3 capillary types ?

A

Continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoids

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12
Q

Which Blood Vessels Carry Blood Away From The Heart ?

A

Arteries

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13
Q

Which Type Of Blood Vessels Carry Blood To The Heart ?

A

Veins

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14
Q

What is the heart ?

A

The muscular pump that keeps blood flowing through blood vessels

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15
Q

What is the other term for “tunica interna” ?

A

Tunica intima

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16
Q

What is the other term for “tunica externa” ?

A

Tunica adventitia

17
Q

What is perfusion ?

A

the flow per given volume or mass of tissue, ex:100 grams of tissue per minute

18
Q

Opposition To Blood Flow In Vessels Is Called What ?

A

Resistance

19
Q

What is autoregulation ?

A

The ability of tissues to regulate their own blood supply through vasomotion or angiogenesis

20
Q

What is edema ?

A

The accumulation of excess fluid in a tissue

21
Q

What is venous return ?

A

The blood flow back to the heart

22
Q

How much of the total body blood is in capillaries at any given time ?

A

5%

23
Q

What happens to the blood vessels during exercise ?

A

They dilate to increase blood flow to the muscles

24
Q

What’s the most important mechanism of exchange across capillary walls ?

A

Diffusion of water and solutes

25
Q

What are 3 causes of edema ?

A

Obstructed lymphatic damage, increased capillary filtration, and reduced capillary reabsorption

26
Q

What is obstructed venous return shock ?

A

A type of shock that occurs when the body has a normal blood volume but too much of it accumulates in the lower body

27
Q

Which lipid-soluble substances can diffuse directly across the plasma membrane without the help of membrane channels, filtration pores, or intercellular clefts ?

A

Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide

28
Q

Where is blood flow through capillaries the slowest & why ?

A

In the pulmonary circuit to allow more time for gas exchange

29
Q

Which type of shock results from too little blood returning to the heart ?

A

Low venous return

30
Q

The first venous sinuses collect the blood immediately after circulating through which organ ?

A

The brain

31
Q

Which 3 major arteries come directly from the aortic arch ?

A

The brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian

32
Q

What three arteries branch directly off the celiac trunk ?

A

The common hepatic artery, the left gastric artery, and the splenic artery

33
Q

Where does blood collect after it circulates through the brain ?

A

Dural venous sinuses

34
Q

Which veins form an arc along the lesser curvature of the stomach & empty into the hepatic portal vein ?

A

The gastric veins

35
Q

What system provides the principal venous drainage of the thoracic wall ?

A

Azygos system

36
Q

What do the hepatic veins do ?

A

Drain the liver into the inferior vena cava

37
Q

You’re Not Muted Wtf

A
38
Q

Which blood vessels contain valves ?

A

Veins

Biology (16 decks)

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