Chapter 2: Utilitarianism

Question 1

It is an ethical theory that argues for the goodness of pleasure and the determination
of right behavior based on the usefulness of the action’s consequences.

Answer 1

Utilitarianism

Question 2

It claims that one’s actions and behavior are good inasmuch as they are directed
toward the experience of the greatest pleasure over pain for the greatest number of
person.

Answer 2

Utilitarianism

Question 3

Utilitarianism, Its root word is “____” which refers to the usefulness of the consequences of one’s
actions.

Answer 3

utility

Question 4

meaning the moral value of actions and decisions is based
solely or greatly on the usefulness of their consequences

Answer 4

consequentialist

Question 5

; it is the usefulness of results
that determines whether the action or behavior is good or bad.

Answer 5

consequentialist

Question 6

According to ___ (1748-1832) and ____ (1806-1873), utility
refers to understanding the results of people’s actions.

Answer 6

Jeremy Bentham
John Stuart Mill

Question 7

understanding the results of people’s actions

Answer 7

utility

Question 8

The utilitarian value ___
and ___; this means that the usefulness of actions is based on its promotion of
happiness.

Answer 8

pleasure
happiness

Question 9

is the experience of pleasure for the greatest number of persons,
even at the expense of some individual rights.

Answer 9

Happiness

Question 10

The pursuit for _____ and ____ are in fact the only principle in assessing action’s morality

Answer 10

pleasure and pain

Question 11

The natural preferability of pleasure Mill refers to as

Answer 11

theory of life

Question 12

Refers to our subjection to our sovereign masters: pleasure and pain

Answer 12

The Principle of Utility

Question 13

Refers to the motivation of our actions as guided by our avoidance of pain and our desire for pleasure.

Answer 13

The Principle of Utility

Question 14

He argued that our actions are governed by two sovereign masters – which he calls
“pleasure and pain”.

Answer 14

Jeremy Bentham

Question 15

given to us by nature to help us determine what is good or bad and what to be done and not; they fasten our choices to their throne.

Answer 15

pain and pleasure

Question 16

He equates happiness with pleasure.

Answer 16

Jeremy Bentham

Question 17

Jeremy Bentham provided a framework for evaluating pleasure and pain commonly called

Answer 17

Felicific Calculus

Question 18

In measuring the tendency to choose these actions we need to consider two more dimensions:

Answer 18

Fecundity
Extent

Question 19

common currency framework that calculates the pleasure that some actions can produce.

Answer 19

Felicific calculus

Question 20

chance it has of being followed by sensations of the same kind, and purity of the chance it has not being followed by sensations of the opposite kind.

Answer 20

Fecundity

Question 21

Lastly is consideration of the number of person who are affected by pleasure or pain, another dimension called

Answer 21

Extent

Question 22

Felicific calculus

Answer 22

allows the evaluation of all actions and their resultant pleasure.

Question 23

He reiterates moral good as happiness, and consequently happiness as pleasure.

Answer 23

John Stuart Mill

Question 24

He clarifies that what makes people happy is intended pleasure and what makes us unhappy is the privation of pleasure.

Answer 24

John Stuart Mill

Question 25

John Stuart Mill clarifies that what makes people happy is _____ and what makes us unhappy is the _____.

Answer 25

intended pleasure
privation of pleasure

Question 26

He dissents from Bentham’s single scale of pleasure. He thinks that the principle of utility must distinguish pleasure qualitatively and not merely quantitatively.

Answer 26

John Stuart Mill

Question 27

He dissents from Bentham’s single scale of pleasure. He thinks that the principle of utility must distinguish pleasure ____and not merely ___.

Answer 27

qualitatively
quantitatively

Question 28

___ cannot promote the kind of pleasures appropriate for pigs or to any other animals.

Answer 28

Utilitarianism

Question 29

Not only about our individual pleasures, regardless of how high,
intellectual, or in other ways noble it is, but it is also about the pleasure of the greatest number affected by the consequence of our actions.

Answer 29

Principle of the Greatest Number

Question 30

cannot lead us to selfish acts

Answer 30

Utilitarianism

Question 31

Utilitarianism is ____ of sacrifices that procure more happiness for others.

Answer 31

not dismissive

Question 32

It is not at all separate from ___ ____practices that aim to improve the quality of life for all persons.

Answer 32

liberal social

Question 33

Maximizes the total amount of pleasure over displeasure for the greatest number.

Answer 33

Utilitarianism

Question 34

respect for rights directed toward
society’s pursuit for the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

Answer 34

justice

Question 35

valid claim on society and are justified by utility

Answer 35

Moral rights

Question 36

cannot be discernable in the intention or motivation of the person doing the act;

Answer 36

Moral value

Question 37

based solely on the difference it makes on the world’s total amount of pleasure and pain

Answer 37

Moral value

Question 38

justifiable on utilitarian principles inasmuch as they produce an overall happiness that is greater than the unhappiness resulting from their implementation.

Answer 38

right

Question 39

carry a very strong emotional import because the category of rights is directly associated with the individual’s most vital interests

Answer 39

justice

Question 40

neither inviolable nor natural

Answer 40

legal rights

Question 41

subject to some exceptions

Answer 41

rights

Question 42

not normally justified in accordance to the greatest happiness principl

Answer 42

legal rights

Question 43

only justifiable by considerations of greater overall happiness.

Answer 43

Moral rights