Chapter 2: Theories of Crime - biological and evolutionary explanations.

Question 1

Who is Cesare Lombroso?

Answer 1

he is the father of criminology

Question 2

What did Cesare add to behavioral psychology?

Answer 2

Phrenology - shape and size of head relates to personality cognitive behavioral.

Question 3

What are Atavisms?

Answer 3

a tendency to revert to something ancient or ancestral

Question 4

Who is Charles Darwin?

Answer 4

evolution and natural selection

Question 5

What did Francis Galton invent?

Answer 5

Eugenics

Question 6

What is Eugenics?

Answer 6

higher rates of reproduction for people with highly desired traits

Question 7

What are some of the biological theories of crime?

Answer 7

genetics, neurochemistry, brain, other biological considerations

Question 8

What is the percentage of the adopted child being involved in crime if neither the biological dad nor adopt dad are?

Answer 8

13.5%

Question 9

What is the percentage of the adopted child being involved in crime if the biological dad isn’t, but the adopted dad is?

Answer 9

14.7%

Question 10

What is the percentage of the adopted child being involved in crime if the biological dad is, but the adopted dad is not?

Answer 10

20%

Question 11

What is the percentage of the adopted child being involved in crime if both the biological dad is and the adopted dad is?

Answer 11

24.5%

Question 12

What are the three key brain neurotransmitters?

Answer 12

1. Norepinephrine
2. Serotonin
3. Dopamine

Question 13

Low activity MAOA gene causes?

Answer 13

antisocial behaviour

Question 14

What Neurochemistry is related to crime?

Answer 14

the link between testosterone and aggression.

Question 15

What is the role of serotonin and behavior?

Answer 15

lower levels of serotonin among antisocial individuals
impulsivity, irritability and aggression

Question 16

What is related to fearlessness?

Answer 16

underactive BIS

Question 17

What is the frontal lobe purpose?

Answer 17

cognitive reasoning, planning, sound judgement, patience, abstract thoughts, moral reasoning, violence, and aggression regulation.

Question 18

What is the temporal lobe and the limbic system (amygdala & hippocampus) for?

Answer 18

emotional and fear situations, memory, learning, and emotional regulation.

Question 19

What does the prefrontal lobe for?

Answer 19

emotional processing, decision-making, impulse control and cognitive flexibility

Question 20

What are the 4 evolutionary theories of crime?

Answer 20

1. life history theory
2. psychopathy
3. male-male competition
4. female criminality

Question 21

What does a chaotic childhood do?

Answer 21

sporadic employment, more special partners, more aggression, delinquency, crime later in life.

Question 22

Why does male-male competition entail?

Answer 22

if reputation depends on ability to maintain credible threat of violence, homicide as a response to perceived reputation/status threats.