Chapter 2 Test Essay

Question 1

List 3 parts of a nucleotide

Answer 1

Nitrogenous Base, Pentose Sugar, and Phosphate Group

Question 2

Difference between molecules and compounds

Answer 2

Molecules- formed when two or
more atoms join
together chemically

Compound- at least 2 elements
All compounds are
a type of molecule

Question 3

Difference between dehydration synthesis and a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 3

Hydrolysis reaction is the dehydration synthesis in reverse

Hydrolysis Reaction- polymers are broken
up back into monomers

Dehydration Synthesis- OH from one monomer is linked to an H from a another molecule

Question 4

Properties of water

Answer 4

High High Capacity- absorbs +
releases large amount of
heat before its
temperature changes appreciably
Polarity/Solvent Properties- because of its
polarity water is a “universal solvent”
Chemical Reactivity- digests food through
hydrolysis reactions (adding water to
break bonds between molecules)
Cushioning- fluid protects brain (cerebrospinal
fluid), developing fetus (amniotic fluid)