Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry

Question 1

Takes up space and has mass?

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

Ability to move?

Answer 2

Energy

Question 3

When energy is doing work?

Answer 3

Kinetic Energy

Question 4

When energy is inactive or stored?

Answer 4

Potential Energy

Question 5

Stored in the bonds of chemical substances?

Answer 5

Chemical Energy

Question 6

Results from the movement of charged particles?

Answer 6

Electrical Energy

Question 7

Energy direct involved in moving matter?

Answer 7

Mechanical Energy

Question 8

Energy of the electromagnetic spectrum travels in waves?

Answer 8

Radiant Energy

Question 9

All matter is composed of?

Answer 9

Atoms

Question 10

Each atom consists of at least one___and one___?

Answer 10

Proton

Electron

Question 11

Atoms has mass. The mass comes mostly from the proton and a neutrally charged body called?

Answer 11

Neutron

Question 12

Mass of 1, positive charge?

Answer 12

Proton

Question 13

Mass of 1, no charge?

Answer 13

Neutron

Question 14

Negligible mass, negative charge?

Answer 14

Electron

Question 15

How many types of atoms does an element contain?

Answer 15

Only one

Question 16

Info on elements is arranged in logical order in a table called?

Answer 16

Periodic Table

Question 17

How is the periodic table arranged?

Answer 17

Left to right based on their atomic #

In columns based on similarities in their properties

Question 18

The atomic number is?

Answer 18

Number of protons

Question 19

The atomic mass is?

Answer 19

Number of protons + number of neutrons averaged over all isotopes

Question 20

Atoms of the same elements that have different atomic weights are called?

Answer 20

Isotopes

Question 21

A____is 2 or more atoms bonded together?

Answer 21

Molecule

Question 22

A____ ____is an attractive force that links two atoms together?

Answer 22

Chemical Bond

Question 23

Determines the chemical behavior of the atom?

Answer 23

Valence Shell Election

Question 24

A___ ___is formed by sharing of a pair of electrons between 2 atoms
Are all also very strong

Answer 24

Covalent Bond

Question 25

A ___ ___ ___occurs when atoms share 2 pairs of electrons; in triple covalent bonds atoms share 3 electron pairs

Answer 25

Double Covalent Bonds

Question 26

Unequal sharing of electrons causes a partial negative charge around the more electronegative atom, and a partial positive charge around the less electronegative atom, resulting in?

Answer 26

Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 27

Molecules that have polar covalent bonds are called?

Answer 27

Polar Molecules

Question 28

___ ___ may form within or between atoms with polar covalent bonds?

Answer 28

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 29

Do hydrogen bonds share electrons?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

Are weak
Tend to be additive
Profound biological importance

Answer 30

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 31

Involves a complete transfer of 1 or more electrons

Answer 31

Ionic Bonds

Question 32

___are formed when an atom loses or gains electrons?

Answer 32

Ions

Question 33

Positively charged ions are called?

Answer 33

cations

Question 34

Negatively charged ions are called?

Answer 34

anions

Question 35

Due to its shape, polarity, and ability to form hydrogen bonds, water has what kind of properties?

Answer 35

Unusual properties

Question 36

What absorbs and releases large amounts of heat before its temperature changes appreciably?

Answer 36

High Heat Capacity

Question 37

Because of its polarity, water is the “universal solvent”?

Answer 37

Polarity/Solvent Properties

Question 38

What digests food through hydrolysis reactions (adding water to break bonds between molecules)?

Answer 38

Chemical Reactivity

Question 39

What fluid protects brain (cerebrospinal fluid), developing fetus (amniotic fluid)?

Answer 39

Cushioning