Chapter 2- Terms Pertaining To The Body As A Whole

Question 1

What are the four types of cells? And how do they differentiate?

Answer 1

Muscle cells- long and slender, contains fibres to aid in contracting and relaxing

Nerve cells- long with various extensions to aid in carrying impulses

Epithelial cells- square and flat to provide protection

Fat cells- contain large, empty area for fat storage

Question 2

Types of tissues

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue
Connective tissue
Nerve tissue

Question 3

Epithelial tissue

Answer 3

Located all over body, forms lining of internal organs and outer surface of skin, lines exocrine and endocrine glands, responsible for secretions that the glands produce

Question 4

Muscle tissue (voluntary,involuntary and cardiac)

Answer 4

Voluntary muscle is found in arms and legs
Involuntary found in heart and digestive system
Cardiac muscle is a specialized type found only in heart

Question 5

Connective tissue

Answer 5

Supports and binds other tissues and parts
Ex, bone, cartilage, muscle, fat and fibrous tissue

Question 6

Nerve tissue

Answer 6

Conducts impulses all over body

Question 7

What organs does digestive system consist of?

Answer 7

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestines
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

Question 8

What organs does the urinary/excretory system consist of?

Answer 8

Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra

Question 9

What’s organs does the respiratory system consist of?

Answer 9

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchial tubes
Lungs

Question 10

What organs does the reproductive system consist of?

Answer 10

Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes,uterus, vagina, mammary glands
Male: testes, associated tubes, urethra, penis, prostate gland

Question 11

What organs does the endocrine system consist of?

Answer 11

Thyroid gland
Pituitary gland
Sex glands
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Parathyroid glands

Question 12

What organs does the nervous system consist of?

Answer 12

Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Collections of nerves

Question 13

What organs does the circulatory system consist of?

Answer 13

Heart
Blood vessels
Lymphatic vessels and nodes
Spleen
Thymus gland

Question 14

What organs does the muscoskeletal system consist of?

Answer 14

Muscles
Bones
Joints

Question 15

What organs does the integumentary system consist of?

Answer 15

Skin
Hair
Nails
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands

Question 16

Where is the abdominal cavity located and what organs does it consist of?

Answer 16

Space below chest, contains liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines. AKA abdomen/ peritoneal cavity

Question 17

Where is the cranial cavity located and what organs does it consist of?

Answer 17

Space in head containing brain and surrounded by skull

Question 18

Where is the pelvic cavity located and what organs does it consist of?

Answer 18

Space below abdomen, contains portions of intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

Question 19

Where is the spinal cavity located and what organs does it consist of?

Answer 19

Space within the spinal column contains the spinal cord

Question 20

Where is the thoracic cavity located and what organs does it consist of?

Answer 20

Space in chest contains heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus and other organs

Question 21

What does the right upper quadrant (RUQ) contain?

Answer 21

Contains liver (right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small intestine and large intestines

Question 22

What does the left upper quadrant (LUQ) contain?

Answer 22

Contains the liver (left lobe), stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines

Question 23

What does the left lower quadrant (LLQ) contain?

Answer 23

Contains parts of small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter

Question 24

What does the right lower quadrant (RLQ) contain?

Answer 24

Contains parts of small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter

Question 25

Divisions of the back (abbreviation and location)

Answer 25

Cervical (C)- in neck region (C1 to C7)

Thoracic (T) - in chest region (T1 to T12) each bone is joined to a rib

Lumbar (L)- in waist region (L1 to L5)

Sacral-(S)- (S1 to S5) fused to form one bone, the sacrum

Coccygeal- small bone composed of four fused pieces (tailbone)

Question 26

What are the planes of the body?

Answer 26

Frontal (Coronal) plane- vertical plane, dividing body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

Sagittal (lateral) plane- lengthwise, vertical plane, dividing body or structure into right, and left sides

Transverse (axial) plane- horizontal plane, running across the body, parallel to the ground