Chapter 2 Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Sets
A
- Any group or collection of objects
2
Q
In what two ways is a set designated?
A
- Words/description (Natural numbers, planets starting with M, etc.)
- Roster/list ({1,2,3,4,…}, {Mercury, Mars}
3
Q
Natural Numbers, N
A
- N = {1,2,3,4,5,…}
4
Q
Whole Numbers, W
A
- W = {0,1,2,3,4,5,…}
5
Q
Integers, I (Sometimes Z)
A
- I/Z = {…,-3,-2,-1,0,1,…}
6
Q
Rational Numbers, Q
A
- Q = any number written as a fraction
7
Q
Irrational Numbers, (Weird Fancy I)
A
- (Weird Fancy I) = non-repeating decimals
8
Q
E
A
- Is an element of
9
Q
E with a Line through It
A
- Is not an element of
10
Q
O with a Line through It
A
- Null set, empty set, { }
11
Q
|
A
- Such that
12
Q
Finite
A
- The number of elements that can be counted, n(A)
13
Q
n(A)
A
- The number of elements in set A
14
Q
Cardinal Number
A
- The number of elements in a set
15
Q
Well-Defined
A
- It is possible to determine if element is a member of a set (or not)
16
Q
Equal, A=B
A
- Exactly the same elements
17
Q
Equivalent, A(wavy line)B
A
- Exactly the same NUMBER OF elements
- i.e. same cardinality
18
Q
Universal Set, U
A
- All possible members of a set
19
Q
Complement, A’ (A Prime)
A
- All the members of U not in A
- Mutually exclusive
20
Q
Subset, A(C over line)B
A
- Every element of A is also an element of B
21
Q
Proper Subset, ACB
A
- Every element of A is also an element of B but A does not equal B
22
Q
Intersection, N
A
- The set of elements common to both sets
23
Q
Union, U
A
- The set of elements in both sets
24
Q
When filling out a venn diagram, where do you start and go to?
A
- Start in the middle
- Work your way out
25
Q
What do you do if you’re filling out a venn diagram and the number of answers exceeds the number of the survey?
A
- That means that some numbers would go outside of the venn diagram and into the open space.
26
Q
What does “or” indicate?
A
- Increase
27
Q
For all finite sets A and B, what is the inclusion and exclusion formula?
A
- n(AuB) = n(A) + n(B) - n(AnB)
