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Mortuary Pathology > Chapter 2 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnosis

A

the term denoting the naming of the disease or syndrome. The recognition of the nature of a particular disease.

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2
Q

Prognosis

A

the prediction of the outcome of a particular illness

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3
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective disturbances caused by a specific disease that are felt or experience only by the patient but are not directly measurable. (pain, nausea, anxiety, numbness, loss of sensation)

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4
Q

Signs

A

Objective disturbances produced by a disease that can be observed by other people (increased heart rate, change in color to skin, swelling around mouth) Others can observe

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5
Q

Exacerbation

A

the severity of a disease has increased. (cancer reappearing and spreading)

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6
Q

Remission (Abatement)

A

temporary cessation of the symptoms of a disease. (cancer not present for a period of time)

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7
Q

Congenital

A

Diseases present at birth

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8
Q

Aquired

A

Disease present after birth

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9
Q

Recurrent

A

reappearance of the symptoms of a disease after a period of remission. (signs and symptoms of cancer reappearing after a period of remission)

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10
Q

Hereditary

A

disease is one based on genetic characteristics transmitted from parent to offspring.

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11
Q

Endemic

A

A disease that is continuously present in a community

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12
Q

Epidemic

A

Disease that is currently in high-than-normal numbers

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13
Q

Pandemic

A

Disease that is epidemic, widespread or even worldwide (ex: AIDS)

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14
Q

Sporadic

A

Diseases that occur occasionally in a random or isolated manner (ex. Tetanus)

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15
Q

Infection

A

the state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invade by a disease-causing agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects. Diseases caused by microorganisms.

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16
Q

Febrile

A

Diseases associated with fever

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17
Q

Organic

A

Diseases accompanied by specific anatomical changes. ex: red spots with measles, yellow skin with hepatitis

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18
Q

Infestation

A

Harboring of animal parasites, especially in macroscopic forms (ticks, mosquitoes)

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19
Q

Communicable

A

Disease that can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another.

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20
Q

Syndrome

A

a set of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease

21
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Illnesses that result from medical treatment (ex: gold injection causing rash)

22
Q

Fulminating

A

Special type of acute disease characterized by a rapid and severe onset, usually fatal. Scary!

23
Q

Pathogenesis

A

the manner in which the disease develops

24
Q

Nosocomial

A

Infections acquired in a hospital or other healthcare settings

25
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of cases of disease present in a specific population at a given time

26
Q

Mortality Rate

A

The number of deaths in a given time or place, or the proportion of deaths to a population. How many deaths there are at a certain time or place.

27
Q

Morbidity Rate

A

the relative incidence of a disease in the population, the number of cases of a disease in a given time in a given population. How many cases of disease there are at a certain time or place.

28
Q

Idiopathic

A

Illnesses for which the cause is unknown.

29
Q

Acute

A

diseases with rapid onset and a short duration

30
Q

Chronic

A

diseases with slow onset and long duration

31
Q

Deficiency

A

lack of dietary or metabolic substance that can lead to disease.

32
Q

Occupational

A

Disease with an abnormally high rate of occurrence in members of a particular workforce. (ex: coal miners with black lung)

33
Q

Intoxication

A

a state of being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance

34
Q

Functional

A

no recognizable change in anatomy. ex: schizophrenia.

35
Q

Disorder

A

Taxonomic classification. A pathological condition of the mind or body. A measure of specific changes associated with a pathological condition. (Cleft lip and the results of it, altered function of mouth and nose)

36
Q

Lifespan

A

the oldest age to which human beings can survive, how long a person can possibly live.

37
Q

Illness

A

The way the patient perceives their condition. Pain, suffering, distress. Highly individual and personal. Signs and symptoms of disease. (High blood pressure)

38
Q

Etiology

A

Study of cause of illness. Underlying causes of diseases, Predisposing conditions (make someone more likely to develop illness)

39
Q

Predisposing conditions

A

Make someone more likely to contract disease. Age, Race (sickle cell anemia), Sex, Genetics, Nutritional status, Occupation, Environment, Economic status, Emotional

40
Q

Immediate causes

A

Directly result in illness, trauma, physical agents, chemical agents, infectious agents, deficiencies, allergens.

41
Q

Exogenous

A

Physical agents (mechanical/trauma, thermal, radiation)
Chemical agents
Biologic agents

42
Q

Endogenous

A

Physiological
Immunologic (allergies, autoimmune, immune deficiencies)
Genetic (hereditary, chromosomal)

43
Q

Disease

A

A condition marked by subjective complaints, a specific history and clinical signs, symptoms and laboratory or radiographic findings. Concrete clinically verifiable pathology. Structural, functional, cellular or molecular changes in tissues (with naked eye or under microscope). Tangible, measurable. Recognizable by certain patterns of deviation from health. (common cold)

44
Q

Pathology

A

study of disease, pattern of response of a living organism to injury, infections and stress.

45
Q

Complications

A

Unfavorable conditions arising during the course of a disease. Manifest as either signs or symptoms. Change the course of illness.

46
Q

Longevity

A

a person’s life expectancy, the ability to remain alive from one year to the next.

47
Q

Morbitity

A

the study of the occurrence of disease

48
Q

Mortality

A

the study of death due to specific causes

49
Q

Allergies

A

immediate cause of illness. Having hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause reaction.

Mortuary Pathology (5 decks)

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