Chapter 2 structure and functions of the skeletal system

Question 1

5 main functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

body movement
framework
protection
mineral storage
production of red blood cells

Question 2

2 types of bones and there function/ structure

Answer 2

compact bone:
found in the middle of long bones, provides rigidity and high tensile strength
Cancellous bone:
spongy and less dense, provides shock absorption.

Question 3

five types of bones

Answer 3

long
short
flat
sesamoid
irregular

Question 4

types of connective tissues and function

Answer 4

cartilage:
smooth slightly elastic found in various forms within the body
Ligaments:
cross over joints joining bone to bone
tendons;
inelastic and very strong connect muscles to bone

Question 5

6 types of synovial joints

Answer 5

ball and socket
hinge
pivot
gliding
condyloid
saddle

Question 6

superior, inferior

Answer 6

superior=up, inferior=down

Question 7

posterior, anterior

Answer 7

posterior=back, anterior=forward

Question 8

medial, lateral

Answer 8

medial= closer to the midline of the body
lateral= further away from the midline of the body

Question 9

proximal, distal

Answer 9

proximal=closer to the attachment point of the limb.
distal=further away from the attachment point of the limb.

Question 10

superficial, deep

Answer 10

superficial=towards the surface of a structure
deep= further away from the surface of a structure.

Question 11

flexion extension

Answer 11

flexion=decrease the angle of the joint
extension=increase the angle of the joint

Question 12

abduction, adduction

Answer 12

abduction=movement of body part away from the midline of the body
adduction=movement of a body part back towards the midline of the body

Question 13

circumduction, rotation

Answer 13

circumduction=movement of the end of the bone in a circular motion
rotation= movement of a body part around a central axis

Question 14

pronation, supanation

Answer 14

pronation=rotation of the hand so that the thumb moves in towards the body\
supanation=rotation of the hand so that the thumb moves away from the body

Question 15

eversion, inversion

Answer 15

eversion= movement of the sole of the foot away from the midline.
inversion=movement of the sole of the foot towards the midline

Question 16

dorsi flexion, plantar flexion

Answer 16

dorsi flexion= decrease in the angle of the joint between the foot and lower leg.
plantar flexion= increase in the angle of the joint between the foot and lower leg.

Question 17

elevation, depression

Answer 17

elevation=movement of shoulders to the head
depression=movement of shoulders away from the head.

Question 18

names of the region of the vertebrae column and amount of vertebrae in each one from superior to inferior

Answer 18

cervical(5), thoracic(7), lumbar(5), sacral(5 fused together), coccyx(4 fused together)

Question 19

what is the anatomical position

Answer 19

refers to a person standing erect, facing forwards arms by the side and palms facing forwards