Chapter 2 - Sources of information Flashcards
Compared to your own experience, scientific studies have what aspects?
Control group
Pre-measurement and post measurement
Operationalised concepts
Research design
Control group
The gourd of subjects in an experiment who are similar to the experimental group on all relevant characteristics, but who are not exposed to the experimental condition
Operationalised concepts
Translating an abstract concept into a measurable concept
What are the different types of biased reasoning?
Quick to believe strong and good stories
Availability heuristic
Present/present bias
Confirmation bias
Bias blind spot
Availability heuristic
Information that can be quickly accessed in our memory is dominant to how we think
This leads us to overestimate how often certain events occur
Present/ presentbias
It is not considering appropriate comparison groups and only looking at what is present
We then forget to think about what we don’t see right away and thus don’t consider good comparison groups
Confirmation bias
We look for information that confirms our beliefs and filter out the information that does not support our beliefs
Bias blind spot
People often think that they are reasonably resistant to the above biases and also that they are more resistant to biases than the other people around them
What are 2 different types of scientific sources?
Empirical articles
Review articles
Empirical articles
First report of research findings from empirical studies
These contain various details about the research design
What are the different parts of empirical articles?
Abstract/summary
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
References
Abstract/summary
A brief summary of the study including the hypothesis, method and main results
Introduction
The topic of the study with the background of the suited and why the study is important. The research question, research objectives and hypothesis are mentioned in the last paragraph of the introduction
Method
This contains an explanation of how the researchers conducted the study
The ideal method is so detailed that the reader can later carry out the study themselves
Therefore, it continues the design of study in detail, number of subjects, materials and instruments, procedure
Results
Quantitative and qualitative results, statistical test used and any supporting graphs are discussed
