Chapter 2 - Second World War Flashcards
How many black men joined the US army during WW2?
1.2 million
In what ways did segregation continue during the war?
- Different canteens + vehicles
- Employed as cooks + cleaners (no right to fight)
- Less training and worse equipment
- Sometimes sent to more dangerous areas
What did President Roosevelt argue as a result of WW2?
America was fighting so everyone in the orld could enjoy 4 basic freedoms - freedom of speech, religion, from want, from fear. Implication was that it should apply to all regardless of race.
What was the ‘Double V’ sign?
Sign used by black soldiers meaning that they were fighting for 2 victories - victory overseas and victory over racism at home.
What did fighting racists such as Hitler show?
Contradicted the impression given by the KKK - racism = natural and noble. Showed the inherent dangers of racism and convinced many that racism should be opposed in all circumstances.
What did Black heroes do?
Courage of Black soldiers in WW2 changed attitudes of many white soldiers. Also boosted self-esteem of many African Americans.
What was the Fair Employmnt Practices Comission (FEPC)?
Created by Roosevelt in 1941 to force industries not to discriminate on grounds of ‘race, creed, colour or national origin.’ Caused by black activist Philip Randolph - threatened march on Washington unless there was change.
Why were economic changes significant for African Americans?
Allowed them to play a major role in the country’s war effort. Made many move to cities for work - by end of war 48% of black population was urban. Meant many were paid better than before.
