Chapter 2: Research

Question 1

Descriptive Methods

Answer 1

Simply Describes Behaviors

Question 2

Correlational Studies

Answer 2

shows relationships between behaiors

Question 3

Experimental Research

Answer 3

to prove cause and effects

Question 4

Case Study

Answer 4

describes the behaviors of one person in detail

Question 5

Survey

Answer 5

Finding out the attitudes or behaviors of a group using self reports.

Question 6

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 6

Describes an individual’s behavior in their natural environemnt

Question 7

Population

Answer 7

The group that one wants to be able to generlaze

Question 8

Random Sample

Answer 8

a portion of the population that is selected randomly to participate. Everyone must have an equal chance to participate

Question 9

Correlational Research

Answer 9

Looking for a relationship between two or more events

Question 10

Positive Correlation

Answer 10

When variables move in the same direction

Question 11

Negative Correlation

Answer 11

When variable move in opposite directions

Question 12

Illusory Correlation

Answer 12

the perception of a relationship between variables that does not actually exist

Question 13

Experimental Research

Answer 13

a controlled test of a hypothesis in which the researched manipulates one variable to discover another.

Question 14

Independent Variable

Answer 14

what is being manipulated

Question 15

Dependent Variable

Answer 15

What is affected and measured

Question 16

Operational Definition

Answer 16

how the dependent variable will be measured

Question 17

Experimental Group

Answer 17

gets the independent variable

Question 18

control group

Answer 18

treated the same as the experimental except for the variable. They often receive a placebo.

Question 19

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 19

having a strong belief about a result or future event and, unknowingly, acting to fulfill the behavior

Question 20

Double Blind

Answer 20

Experimenter and groups don’t know who is in which group.

Question 21

Single Blind

Answer 21

Only participants are unaware of which group they are in

Question 22

Confounding Variables

Answer 22

anything that skews results; any other variations between groups

Question 23

Informed Consent

Answer 23

person agrees to participate, but they can leave at any time.

Question 24

Debrief subjects

Answer 24

have to tell people the truth of the study

Question 25

Variance

Answer 25

compare each score tot he mean score

Question 26

Standard Deviation

Answer 26

square root of variance.

Question 27

z-score

Answer 27

how many standard deviations away from a mean a person is

Question 28

percentile

Answer 28

what percent of people you score better than