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Chemistry > Chapter 2 Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Define matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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2
Q

What can matter be described by?

A

its extensive and intensive properties

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3
Q

define extensive properties

A

depend on the amount of matter

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4
Q

define mass

A

the amount of matter that an object contains

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5
Q

define volume

A

amount of space taken up by an object

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6
Q

define intensive properties

A

depend on the type of matter in a sample not the amount of matter

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7
Q

what is included in intensive properties

A

physical properties (hardness, color, odor, conductivity, solubility, melting point, boiling point, and malleability)

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8
Q

define substance

A

matter that has a uniform and definite composition

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9
Q

all samples in substance have identical _______ properties

A

intensive

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10
Q

define physical property

A
  • quality or condition of a substance that can be observed without changing the substances composition
  • can be reversible (boiling water) and irreversible (cracking an egg)
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11
Q

All atoms are in _______ _____

A

constant motion

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12
Q

what are the states of matter?

A

gas, solid, liquid, plasma (also determines rate at which atoms move)

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13
Q

Solid

A
  • definite shape & volume
  • atoms vibrate in place
  • slight expansion upon heating
  • almost incompressable
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14
Q

liquid

A
  • definite volume & indefinite shape
  • atoms vibrate in place
  • slight expansion upon heating
  • almost incompressable
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15
Q

Gas

A
  • indefinite shape and indefinite shape
  • particles moving very rapidly
  • great expansion upon heating
  • readily compressable
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16
Q

define vapor

A

gaseous state of substance that is generally a liquid/solid at room temperature

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17
Q

define mixture

A

physical blend of 2+ substances

18
Q

define phase

A

any part of a mixture with uniform composition and properties

19
Q

define heterogeneous mixture

A

-not uniform in composition
-contains 2+ phases
EX: pizza

20
Q

define homogeneous mixture

A

-completely uniform in composition
-AKA solution
-contians 1 phase
EX: kool aid

21
Q

define suspension

A

(heterogeneous mixture) not uniform in composition

EX: muddy water

22
Q

define solution

A

(homogeneous mixture) completely uniform composition

EX: vinegar, soda

23
Q

define colloid

A

mixture of substances that normally mix together

EX: mayo, jello

24
Q

name the methods of separating mixtures

A
  • magnets: uses magnetism
  • filter: separates particles from smaller ones
  • distillation: uses boiling point
  • chromatography: separation of mixtures by passing it through a suspension
  • electrolysis: passing an electric current through a solution containing ions
  • crystallization: transform into a crystal
  • centrifuge: uses density
25
Q

can elements be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?

A

no

26
Q

define compound

A

substance that contains 2+ elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

27
Q

can compounds be separated? If so, how?

A

chemical means

28
Q

properties of a compound are ___________ from those of their component elements

A

different

EX: sugar

29
Q

complete a chart of classifying matter

A

Matter> substance> element & compound

> mixture of substances> homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture

30
Q

define chemical symbol

A

1/2 representation of the element

  • first letter is always CAPITALIZED
  • second letter is always lowercase
31
Q

define chemical reaction

A

1+ substances change into 1+ new substances

32
Q

define reactant

A

starting substance

33
Q

define product

A

the substances formed

34
Q

identify possible clues to a chemical reaction

A
  • transfer of energy
  • change of color
  • production of gas
  • formation of precipitate (solid that forms from a liquid mixture)
35
Q

define chemical properties

A

the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change to form a new substance
EX: cooking

36
Q

physical changes ____ result in a new substance

chemical changes result in a ___ substance

A
  1. never

2. new

37
Q

during any physical/chemical change, the mass of products is always …

A

equal to the mass of the reactant

38
Q

mass is neither ___ or ___

A

created, destroyed

39
Q

define Law of Conservation of Mass

A

in any physical/chemical change, mass is conserved

40
Q

are states of matter considered physical properties

A

yes

41
Q

elements are the _________________ that can exist under normal lab conditions

A

simplest form of matter

Chemistry (9 decks)

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