Chapter 2 Programming Basics

Question 1

What are comments?

Answer 1

Text in a coding file not read in the compiler.

Question 2

What are directives?

Answer 2

Instructions given to the compiler to perform a specific task (e.g. libraries).

Question 3

Keywords/Reserved Words

Answer 3

Words that have been predefined by C++ and can not be given a new meaning.

Question 4

What are identifiers?

Answer 4

These are words that are programmed that have their own meanings.

Question 5

What are literals?

Answer 5

Literals are values coded into the language that only have one possible value.

Question 6

Operators

Answer 6

Symbols used to indicate an operation being performed.

Question 7

What are libraries and their two parts?

Answer 7

Libraries are files with created functions. The interface is the header file before the main function and the implementation are the different functions utilized within the main function.

Question 8

What is preprocessing for?

Answer 8

To link all the header files to make a valid program.

Question 9

What happens in the compiling stage?

Answer 9

The code is translated into machine language line by line checking errors.

Question 10

What is linking?

Answer 10

Putting the preprocessing materials and the compiled code together.

Question 11

What are atomic and composite data types?

Answer 11

Atomic data types hold one piece of information that can not be split. Composite data types are comprised of several pieces of atomic data.

Question 12

What is a Boolean type?

Answer 12

The bool type can hold either true or false, taking one byte.

Question 13

What is the char data type?

Answer 13

Holds one character using one byte. Signed: -128-+127 Unsigned: 0-255

Question 14

What is a short data type?

Answer 14

Can store small integers using 2 bytes.
Signed: -32768-+32767 Unsigned: 0-65535

Question 15

What is the int data type?

Answer 15

The integer data type uses for 4 bytes and is the standard data type. Signed: -32768-+32767 Unsigned: 0 - 65535

Question 16

What is the long data type?

Answer 16

The long data type is also an integer type that uses 8 bytes for large values. Signed: -2^63 -+2^63-1(8 quintillion) Unsigned 0-264-1 (16 quintillion)

Question 17

What is the float data type?

Answer 17

This uses 4 bytes and can hold fractional data stored in the IEEE754 single precision floating point standard. Signed or Unsigned: -3.410^-38 - +3.410^38

Question 18

What is the double data type?

Answer 18

This is 8 bytes and can hold fractional data stored in the double precision IEEE754 floating-point standard. Signed or Unsigned: -1.710^-308 - +1.710^308

Question 19

What is the long double data type?

Answer 19

This is a floating point data type that is 16 bytes and has quadruple precision floating-point numbers. Same range as doubles with more decimal places.

Question 20

What is a symbolic constant?

Answer 20

Symbolic constants are created with a preprocessor directive. #define PI 3.14

Question 21

Define octal and hexadecimal integers.

Answer 21

Leading 0 and leading 0x.