Chapter 2 - Professionalism And Ethics

Question 1

Ethical theories

Consequence based

Answer 1

The consequence of an actions determines whether the action is right or wrong

Question 2

Ethical theories

Principal based

Answer 2

Ones principles or values will determine whether the action is right or wrong

Question 3

Ethical theories

Narrative based

Answer 3

Different stories from past are used to lead to an understanding of the difference between eighth and wrong

Question 4

Ethical theories

Utilitarian based

Answer 4

What is right is decided by the greater number of people

Question 5

Ethical theories

Virtue based

Answer 5

The character of a person is judged rather than their actions

Question 6

Ethical issues

Answer 6

Employee conflict of interest

Inappropriate gifts
Sexual harassment.
Unauthorized payments (forged signatures, skimming accounts..)

Past moral injustices (reverse discrimination)

Technology issues (reputations)

Stealing from the company

Firing an employee for whistle blowing

Insider trading

Piracy

Counterfeiting (pass off as original) or bootlegging (illegal distribution of a product)

Unrealistic pricing of goods

Question 7

Some reasons why companies may wish to implement ethical programs

Answer 7

Respect environment - regulate the impact of their actions on society

Invest in employees (cresh, gyms…) - employees and more productive and creative if they find their work meaningful

Bad publicity - take into account the needs and requirements of all stakeholders

Allow people to exercise their beliefs

Laws - before it becomes a legislation

Business can be more powerful than government so they should contribute to the creation of a good society

If you do something ethical it should be done everywhere you operate - increased globalization

Question 8

Ethical in different spheres of society

Private sector

Answer 8

Skills can be taught so can ethics

People must act ethically within their business

Question 9

Ethical in different spheres of society

Public sector

Answer 9

Government is responsible for acting in the best interest of society

Legislation and code of conduct - provide guidance

Question 10

Levels of business ethics

Answer 10

Individual 
Organizational
Professional 
Societal 
International

Question 11

Levels of business ethics

Individual level

Answer 11

Call in sick when not

Accept a bribe

Plagiarism

Question 12

Levels of business ethics

Organizational level

Answer 12

Ask employee to perform unethical or illegal acts to earn profit

Pressure them into overlooking wrongdoings

Question 13

Levels of business ethics

Professional level

Answer 13

Code of conduct lays the ground work for behavior - guideline for what’s ethical or not

Question 14

Levels of business ethics

Societal level

Answer 14

Laws, norms and customs differ between societies

Bribes

Question 15

Levels of business ethics

International level

Answer 15

Involving in countries with gross human rights violations

Economic sanctions against a country

Question 16

Code of ethics

Answer 16

Umbrella concept defining morals, principles and values under which the organization operates

Explains values, ethics and beliefs of a business. The acceptable behavior. 
Employees know how to act
Gives customer a sense of protection 
Disciplinary action if not followed 
 (Honest, integrity, accountability ...)

Question 17

Code of conduct

Answer 17

Regulating the expected behaviors for proper business practice

(Treating staff and client with respect…)

Question 18

Ethical theories

Answer 18

Consequence based 
Principal based 
Narrative based 
Utilitarian based 
Virtue based