Chapter 2 Practice Test

Question 1

Which of the following characteristics are indicative of culture?

a. The language spoken by a people.
b. The values and norms of a people.
c. The beliefs of a people.
d. All of the above

Answer 1

d. All of the above.

Question 2

Things such as jewelry, art, hairstyle, and clothing are referred to as:

a. material culture.
b. cognitive culture.
c. nonmaterial culture.
d. technological culture.

Answer 2

a. material culture.

Question 3

A group’s way of thinking and its’ common patterns of behavior are referred to as:

a. material culture
b. cognitive culture
c. nonmaterial culture
d. technology

Answer 3

c. non-material culture.

Question 4

To develop a sociological perspective, it is essential to understand:

a. how culture affects lives.
b. language.
c. symbols.
d. interpretation.

Answer 4

a. how culture affects lives.

Question 5

The disorientation experienced by being in a situation where one’s sense of nonmaterial culture is insufficient to understand a specific situation is referred to as:

a. culture shock.
b. ethnocentrism.
c. cultural relativism.
d. cultural lag.

Answer 5

a. culture shock.

Question 6

The tendency to use one’s own group’s ways of doing things as the yardstick for judging others is known as:

a. ethnocentrism.
b. relativist fallacy.
c. cultural relativism.
d. cultural shock.

Answer 6

a. ethnocentrism

Question 7

Which of the following refers to understanding a culture in its own terms?

a. ethnocentrism
b. material culture
c. cultural relativism
d. nonmaterial culture

Answer 7

c. cultural relativism

Question 8

A system of symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought defines:

a. symbols.
b. sanctions.
c. language.
d. emotions.

Answer 8

.C. language

Question 9

___________ are considered useful shorthand ways to convey messages without using words.

a. Norms
b. Folkways
c. Gestures
d. Mores

Answer 9

c. gestures

Question 10

Written gestures for expressing yourself online are commonly known as:

a. symbols.
b. emoticons.
c. icons.
d. technology.

Answer 10

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Question 11

The concept that language determines consciousness and shapes one’s perception of objects and events is the:

a. Korsikoff Syndrome. c. Malthus Theorem.
b. Thomas Theorem. d. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis.

Answer 11

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Question 12

Which of these has embedded within it ways of looking at the world?
a. values b. beliefs c. language d. folkways

Answer 12

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Question 13

Which of these terms describe ideas of what is desirable in life?
a. values b. construct c. sanction d. variable

Answer 13

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Question 14

A taboo refers to a norm so strongly ingrained that even the thought of its violation is greeted with:

a. contempt. b. revulsion.
c. excitement. d. encouragement.

Answer 14

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Question 15

A ___________ describes a world within the larger world of the dominant culture.

a. subculture c. total culture
b. cultural universal d. counterculture

Answer 15

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Question 16

U.S. society contains how many subcultures?

a. hundred c. tens of thousands
b. thousands d. millions

Answer 16

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Question 17

A counterculture is:

a. a group which has its own values and norms but identifies with the main culture.
b. a group which has values in opposition to the dominant culture.
c. any subunit of the main culture.
d. a group with the same values as the dominant culture.

Answer 17

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Question 18

Which of the following best describes US society?

a. It is a individualistic society. b. It is a multidimensional society.
c. It is a pluralistic society. d. None of these choices.

Answer 18

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Question 19

Sociologists use the term ______________ to refer to the values and norms that the group actually follows.

a. real culture c. ideal culture .
b. cultural universal d. high culture

Answer 19

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Question 20

The term _____________________ refers to an emerging technology that has a significant impact on social life.

a. new technology c. global technology
b. value cluster d. core values

Answer 20

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Question 21

The distinguishing factor between technology and new technology is that:

a. technology is developed by less advanced cultures than new technology.
b. technology fails to change nonmaterial culture whereas new technology does.
c. new technologies have a greater impact on social life than technology.
d. there is no difference in technology and new technology other than the name.

Answer 21

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Question 22

In the process of ____________, groups are most open to change in their technology or material culture.

a. cultural diffusion b. cultural leveling
c. cultural hindrance d.cultural lag

Answer 22

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Question 23

The direction of cultural diffusion today is primarily from the ________ to other parts of the world.
a. East c. North b. West d. South

Answer 23

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Question 24

Mexican piñatas often depict Mickey Mouse or Fred Flintstone. This is an example of:

a. symbolic culture. b. cultural lag.
c. cultural leveling. d.cultural relativism.

Answer 24

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