Chapter 2 Practice Test Flashcards
Which of the following characteristics are indicative of culture?
a. The language spoken by a people.
b. The values and norms of a people.
c. The beliefs of a people.
d. All of the above
d. All of the above.
Things such as jewelry, art, hairstyle, and clothing are referred to as:
a. material culture.
b. cognitive culture.
c. nonmaterial culture.
d. technological culture.
a. material culture.
A group’s way of thinking and its’ common patterns of behavior are referred to as:
a. material culture
b. cognitive culture
c. nonmaterial culture
d. technology
c. non-material culture.
To develop a sociological perspective, it is essential to understand:
a. how culture affects lives.
b. language.
c. symbols.
d. interpretation.
a. how culture affects lives.
The disorientation experienced by being in a situation where one’s sense of nonmaterial culture is insufficient to understand a specific situation is referred to as:
a. culture shock.
b. ethnocentrism.
c. cultural relativism.
d. cultural lag.
a. culture shock.
The tendency to use one’s own group’s ways of doing things as the yardstick for judging others is known as:
a. ethnocentrism.
b. relativist fallacy.
c. cultural relativism.
d. cultural shock.
a. ethnocentrism
Which of the following refers to understanding a culture in its own terms?
a. ethnocentrism
b. material culture
c. cultural relativism
d. nonmaterial culture
c. cultural relativism
A system of symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought defines:
a. symbols.
b. sanctions.
c. language.
d. emotions.
.C. language
___________ are considered useful shorthand ways to convey messages without using words.
a. Norms
b. Folkways
c. Gestures
d. Mores
c. gestures
Written gestures for expressing yourself online are commonly known as:
a. symbols.
b. emoticons.
c. icons.
d. technology.
.
The concept that language determines consciousness and shapes one’s perception of objects and events is the:
a. Korsikoff Syndrome. c. Malthus Theorem.
b. Thomas Theorem. d. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis.
.
Which of these has embedded within it ways of looking at the world?
a. values b. beliefs c. language d. folkways
.
Which of these terms describe ideas of what is desirable in life?
a. values b. construct c. sanction d. variable
.
A taboo refers to a norm so strongly ingrained that even the thought of its violation is greeted with:
a. contempt. b. revulsion.
c. excitement. d. encouragement.
.
A ___________ describes a world within the larger world of the dominant culture.
a. subculture c. total culture
b. cultural universal d. counterculture
.
U.S. society contains how many subcultures?
a. hundred c. tens of thousands
b. thousands d. millions
.
A counterculture is:
a. a group which has its own values and norms but identifies with the main culture.
b. a group which has values in opposition to the dominant culture.
c. any subunit of the main culture.
d. a group with the same values as the dominant culture.
.
Which of the following best describes US society?
a. It is a individualistic society. b. It is a multidimensional society.
c. It is a pluralistic society. d. None of these choices.
.
Sociologists use the term ______________ to refer to the values and norms that the group actually follows.
a. real culture c. ideal culture .
b. cultural universal d. high culture
.
The term _____________________ refers to an emerging technology that has a significant impact on social life.
a. new technology c. global technology
b. value cluster d. core values
.
The distinguishing factor between technology and new technology is that:
a. technology is developed by less advanced cultures than new technology.
b. technology fails to change nonmaterial culture whereas new technology does.
c. new technologies have a greater impact on social life than technology.
d. there is no difference in technology and new technology other than the name.
.
In the process of ____________, groups are most open to change in their technology or material culture.
a. cultural diffusion b. cultural leveling
c. cultural hindrance d.cultural lag
.
The direction of cultural diffusion today is primarily from the ________ to other parts of the world.
a. East c. North b. West d. South
.
Mexican piñatas often depict Mickey Mouse or Fred Flintstone. This is an example of:
a. symbolic culture. b. cultural lag.
c. cultural leveling. d.cultural relativism.
.
