Chapter 2 - Phase Behavior Flashcards
What does the following definition describe: Any homogenous and physically distinct part of a system that is separated from other parts or phases of the system by definite interfaces
phase
What are the two main types of physical properties
Extensive properties and intensive properties
Describe extensive properties
The values depend on the quantity of matter present. Such as mass, volume, mole number, heat, and work.
Describe intensive properties
The values are independent of the quantity of matter present. Such as density, pressure, temperature, and specific volume
What are the 3 most important factors that determine the behavior of the individual molecules and thus the phase behavior of the substance
Pressure, temperature, and intermolecular forces
Define pressure
A reflection of the number of molecules present and their motion. Thus it is a reflection of the number of times the molecules of a gas strike or bombard the walls of its container
The closer the molecules are forced to stay, the _______ the pressure is.
higher
Define temperature
a physical measure of the average KE of the molecules of the material.
As _________ is added to the material, the KE of the molecules is increased and T is increased.
heat
Pure substance: Phase behavior represents the conditions of __________ and _________ under which different phases can coexist
Temperature and pressure
Pure substance: The phase behavior depends on
PvT
Pure substance: What variable stays constant for a P-T diagram (phase diagram)
Both pressure and temperature
Pure substance: How many important lines and points are there on a PT diagram
3 lines and 2 points
PT diagram: Is the state a liquid or a gas above the vapor pressure line?
Liquid
PT diagram: PT diagram: Is the state a liquid or a gas on the vapor pressure line?
the liquid and gas co-exist
What does the normal boiling point refer to
The temperature the substance boils at 1atm
PT diagram: Is the state a liquid or a gas below the vapor pressure line?
gas
Where does the vapor pressure line begin and end
begins at the triple point and ends at the critical point
The melting point line separates what two states
solids and liquid
What phase is on the left side of the melting point line
solid
Where does the melting point line begin and end
it begins at the triple point and does not have a definite end
what phase is on the right side of the melting point line
liquid
What does states does the sublimation line divide
gas and solid
Above the sublimation line the state is a
solid
