Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body

Question 1

11 organ systems of the body

Answer 1

1. Nervous
2. Respiratory
3. Digestive
4. Circulatory
5. Male Reproductive
6. Female Reproductive
7. Musculoskeletal
8. Skin and sense organ
9. Lymphatic
10. Endocrine
11. Urinary

Question 2

3 bones of pelvis

Answer 2

Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

Question 3

5 body cavities

Answer 3

1. Cranial cavity
2. Thoracic cavity
3. Abdominal cavity
4. Pelvic cavity
5. Spinal cavity

Question 4

achondroplasia

Answer 4

a = no

chondro = cartilage

plasia = formation

dwarfism, dominantly inherited

Question 5

ascites

Answer 5

어사이티스

collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity

*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen

Question 6

axial plane

divides into up and down

Answer 6

transverse, horizontal

Question 7

cavity

Answer 7

space or compartment

Question 8

cervical region of spinal cord

Answer 8

1) neck region

C1 - C7

Question 9

cholecyst

Answer 9

gall bladder

Question 10

chondr

Question 11

coccyg

Answer 11

tailbone

Question 12

coccygeal region of spinal cord

Answer 12

5) tailbone region

4 fused bones

Question 13

Coronal plane

Answer 13

frontal plane

divides into anterioir/posterior

Question 14

cystitis

Answer 14

inflammation of urinary bladder

Question 15

diaphragm

Answer 15

muscle separating abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 16

divisions of spinal column

Answer 16

1) Cervical (neck) region - 7 bones
2) Thoracic (chest) region - 12 bones
3) Lumbar (waist) region - 5 bones
4) Sacral (lower back) region - 5 fused bones
5) Coccygeal (tailbone) region - 4 fused bones

Question 17

epiglottis

Answer 17

flap of cartilage closeing over trachea

• makes sure food travels through esophaguus, not trachea
• this swallowing is controled by medulla oblongata

Question 18

frontal plane

divides into anterioir/posterior

Answer 18

Coronal plane

Question 19

hemoptysis

Answer 19

coughing blood

Question 20

hernia

Answer 20

protrude through an abnormal body opening

Question 21

hyoid bone

Answer 21

bone attached to root of the tongue

between jaw - torn when hung by neck

Question 22

hypertension

Answer 22

high blood pressure

Question 23

hypochondriac

Answer 23

1) unusual anxiety about health
2) cavity under cartilage of ribs (left and right)

Question 24

larynx

Answer 24

voice box

Question 25

lateral plane divides into left and right

Answer 25

sagittal plane

Question 26

latero

Answer 26

side

Question 27

lethargic

Answer 27

tired

Question 28

lumbar puncture

Answer 28

inserting needle between L4 and L5 to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid

Question 29

lumbar region of spinal cord

Answer 29

3) waist region L1 - L5

Question 30

mediastinum

Answer 30

located between the lungs contains the heart, esophagus, trachea

Question 31

meninges

Answer 31

three membranes (the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord Role: primarily to protect and support the CNS

Question 32

MRI

Answer 32

Magnetic Resonance Imaging - use magnetic waves instead of x-rays - can see all 3 planes of body - patient cannot have metal

Question 33

myalgia

Answer 33

muscle pain

Question 34

myocardial infarction

Answer 34

heart attack happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don't get enough oxygen. This happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked.

Question 35

NMR

Answer 35

can see soft tissue

Question 36

palpation

Answer 36

examination by touch

Question 37

pelvic cavity

Answer 37

cavity within the bones of the pelvis contains the internal reproductive organs, urinary bladder 3 bones of pelivs: Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

Question 38

pelvic cavity organs it includes

Answer 38

urinary bladder ureter urethra rectum anus uterus (females)

Question 39

pelv

Answer 39

pelvis (hip bones)

Question 40

peritoneum

Answer 40

double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen

Question 41

peritonic cavity

Answer 41

\*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs)

Question 42

pleural cavity

Answer 42

space bewteen pleural membranes | (double membrane surrounding lungs)

Question 43

pleural effusion

Answer 43

build-up of excess fluid in pleural cavity \*pleural cavity = double membrane surrounding lungs

Question 44

pleura

Answer 44

double membrane surrounding lungs

Question 45

plexus

Answer 45

network of nerves or vessels in the body

Question 46

polynuria

Answer 46

excessive secretion of urine

Question 47

principal diagnosis

Answer 47

cause of patient's admission to hospital, after evaluation

Question 48

retroperitoneal area

Answer 48

space located behind the abdominal or peritoneal cavity \*peritoneum = double membrane surrounding lines abdominal wall and surrounds organs in abdomen

Question 49

sacral region of spinal cord

Answer 49

4) lower back region S1 - S5

Question 50

sagittal plane

Answer 50

lateral plane divides into left and right

Question 51

spinal disk

Answer 51

flexible, connective tissue between each backbone composed of cartilage

Question 52

sternum

Answer 52

breast bone

Question 53

thoracic cavity

Answer 53

chest cavity

Question 54

thoracic region of spinal cord

Answer 54

2) chest region T1 - T12

Question 55

transverse

Answer 55

axial, horizontal plane divides into up and down

Question 56

urethritis

Answer 56

inflammation of the urethra

Question 57

Abdominopelvic regions

Answer 57

1) Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac 2) Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar 3) Right inguinal, Hypogastric, Left inguinal