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Med Terms > All Chapters > Flashcards

All Chapters Flashcards

1
Q

-cele

A

protrusion, hernia

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2
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

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3
Q

-dynia

A

pain

e.g. cardiodynia, arthrodynia

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4
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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5
Q

-ia

A

condition

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6
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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7
Q

-ism

A

condition, process

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8
Q

-lysis

A

separation, breakdown, destruction

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9
Q

-pathy

A

disease condition

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10
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

surgical correction

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11
Q
  • rrhage
  • rrhagia
A

excessive discharge of blood

c.f. -rrhea

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12
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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13
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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14
Q

-stomy

A

make new opening to outside of body

permanent

c.f. -tomy: temporary opening

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15
Q

-thesis

A

to put, place

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16
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment, development

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17
Q

11 organ systems of the body

A
  1. Nervous
  2. Respiratory
  3. Digestive
  4. Circulatory
  5. Male Reproductive
  6. Female Reproductive
  7. Musculoskeletal
  8. Skin and sense organ
  9. Lymphatic
  10. Endocrine
  11. Urinary
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18
Q

3 bones of pelvis

A

Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

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19
Q

5 body cavities

A
  1. Cranial cavity
  2. Thoracic cavity
  3. Abdominal cavity
  4. Pelvic cavity
  5. Spinal cavity
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20
Q

a

an

A

no

not

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21
Q

abdominopelvic regions

A

1) Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac
2) Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar
3) Right inguinal, Hypogastric, Left inguinal

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22
Q

abduction

A

pulling structure away

벌림

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23
Q

ac

A

pertaining to

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24
Q

achondroplasia

A

a = no

chondro = cartilage

plasia = formation

dwarfism, dominantly inherited

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25
Q

acute

A

sharpt, sudden, brief

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26
Q

adduction

A

pulling structure towards middle

모음

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27
Q

adenectomy

A

excision of gland

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28
Q

adenitis

A

inflammation of gland

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29
Q

adeno

A

gland

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30
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

type of cancer

starts in the mucous glands inside of organs like the lungs, colon, or even breast

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31
Q

adenoidectomy

A

excision of adenoids

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32
Q

adenoid

A

mass of soft lymph tissue behind the nasal cavity

-in the pharynx

adenovirus - first found in adenoids

-DNA virus

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33
Q

adenoma

A

tumor of gland,

benign

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34
Q

adenopathy

A

disease condition of lymph nodes

synonym for lymphadenopathy

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35
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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36
Q

algia

A

pain

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37
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation

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38
Q

amni

A

sac of fluid surrounding embryo

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39
Q

amniocentesis

A

sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus

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40
Q

ana

A

up, apart

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41
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical connection between two structures

It usually means a connection that is created between tubular structures, such as blood vessels or loops of intestine

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42
Q

anemia

A

decrease in RBC numbers

or ability to carry O2 due to lowered hemoglobin

due to mutation of hemoglobin

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43
Q

anemic anoxia

A

not enough hemoglobin in blood

blood can’t carry enough oxygen around your body to keep your organs functioning properly

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44
Q

angina

A

type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart

heart gets shrivelled

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45
Q

angiography

A

X-ray used to check blood vessels

contrast material (iodine) is injected into artery/vein before X-ray is taken

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46
Q

angioplasty

A

balloon to stretch open a narrowed or blocked artery

a stent is placed in the artery to hold it open

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47
Q

angiotensin

A

protein hormone that causes blood vessels to become narrower

It helps to maintain blood pressure and fluid balance in the body

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48
Q

angi

A

vessel

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49
Q

ante partum

A

before birth

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50
Q

ante-

A

before, forward

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51
Q

antero

A

front

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52
Q

apex

A

pointed end of organ

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53
Q

aphagia

A

inability to swallow

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54
Q

aphasia

A

unable to communicate

stroke affecting apnea of brain

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55
Q

aplastic anemia

A

bone marrow fails to produce RBCs, WBC, clotting cells

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56
Q

apnea

A

stop breathing

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57
Q

appendectomy

A

excision of appendix

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58
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular heartbeat

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59
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries

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60
Q

arthr

A

joint

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61
Q

arthralgia

A

joint stiffness

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62
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of joint

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63
Q

arthrocentesis

A

procedure using a needle to take fluid out of a joint

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64
Q

arthrodynia

A

pain in or around a joint

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65
Q

arthrogram

A

x-ray record of a joint

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66
Q

arthroscopy

A

procedure used to diagnose and treat problems with joints

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67
Q

ascites

A

어사이티스

collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity

*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen

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68
Q

ather

A

plaque

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69
Q

atheroma

A

buildup of materials that adhere to arteries

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70
Q

atherosclerosis

A

type of arteriosclerosis (thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries)

hardening of blood vessel by atheroma (fatty plaque)

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71
Q

atrophy

A

progressive degeneration or shrinkage of muscle or nerve tissue

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72
Q

aut

A

self

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73
Q

autopsy

A

examining dead body with one’s own eyes

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74
Q

axial plane

divides into up and down

A

transverse, horizontal

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75
Q

axill

A

armpit

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76
Q

axillary gland

A

lymph nodes in armpit

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77
Q

bacteremia

A

bacterial invasion of blood

septicemia is more serious bacteremia (life-threatening)

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78
Q

benign

A

good

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79
Q

bi

A

life

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80
Q

bilateral disorder

A

problems with both eyes, both ears etc.

occurs when the balance portions of both inner ears are damaged

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81
Q

bilateral salpingectomy (BSO)

A

procedure in which removes both Fallopian tubes (oviduct)

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82
Q

biology

A

study of life

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83
Q

biopsy

A

life
viewing
=living tissue removed and viewed under microscope

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84
Q

blepharoplasty

A

surgical repair or reconstruction of an eyelid

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85
Q

bolus

A

1) ball of food
2) dose of substance

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86
Q

bradychardia

A

slower than normal heart rate

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87
Q

brady

A

slow

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88
Q

broncho

A

bronchial tubes

from windpipe to lungs

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89
Q

bursa

A

sac of fluid near joint

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90
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of bursa (small fluid filled sac near joint)

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91
Q

calculus

A

stone

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92
Q

callus

A

localized firm thickening of the upper layer of skin as a result of repetitive friction.

(굳은살)

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93
Q

capitulum

A

head of bone

rounded ball above radius

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94
Q

carcino

A

cancerous

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95
Q

carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor

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96
Q

cardi

A

heart

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97
Q

cardiac

A

heart
ac = pertaining to

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98
Q

cardinal

A

greatest importance; fundamental.

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99
Q

cardiology

A

study of the heart

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100
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of heart

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101
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for your heart to pump blood to the rest of your body

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102
Q

carp

A

wrist

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103
Q

cavity

A

space or compartment

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104
Q

cellulitis

A

bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin

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105
Q

cephal

A

head

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106
Q

cephalic presentation

A

when an infant is born with head delivered first

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107
Q

cerebr

A

cerebrum, largest part of brain

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108
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

and symptoms

A

disorder of blood vessel in cerebrum

=stroke

symptoms: aphasia, paralysis, weakness

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109
Q

cervic

A

neck of the body

*cervical can mean neck or uterine cervix

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110
Q

cervical region of spinal cord

A

1) neck region

C1 - C7

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111
Q

chemotherapy

A

drug treatment that uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in your body

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112
Q

cholecystectomy

A

surgery to remove your gallbladder

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113
Q

cholecystokinin

A

secreted by small intestine

stimulates gall bladder to secrete bile

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114
Q

cholecyst

A

gall bladder

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115
Q

chondrosarcoma

A

cancer of cartilage tissue

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116
Q

chondr

A

cartilage

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117
Q

chron

A

time

chronic = long lasting

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118
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

cancer in which too many myeloblasts are found in the blood and bone marrow

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119
Q

circumduction

A

move a limb in a circular manner

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120
Q

cis

A

to cut

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121
Q

coccyg

A

tailbone

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122
Q

coccygeal region of spinal cord

A

5) tailbone region

4 fused bones

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123
Q

colectomy

A

excision of colon

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124
Q

colo

A

large intestine

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125
Q

colocolostomy

A

surgical formation of a communication between two noncontinuous segments of the colon

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126
Q

congenital

A

disease or physical abnormality present from birth.

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127
Q

constitutes

A

x constitutes y

x = smaller components

y = large category

G1, S, G2 phase constitutes interphase

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128
Q

con-

A

with, together

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129
Q

Coronal plane

A

frontal plane

divides into anterioir/posterior

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130
Q

corpus

A

body

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131
Q

cortex

A

outer part of organ

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132
Q

cost

A

ribs

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133
Q

cranio

A

skull

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134
Q

craniocaudal

A

top to bottom

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135
Q

craniotomy

A

making incision in skull

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136
Q

crin

A

to secrete

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137
Q

cryo

A

cold

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138
Q

cryotherapy

A

use of extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue

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139
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

disorder that occurs when your body makes too much of the hormone cortisol over a long period of time

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140
Q

cutane

A

skin

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141
Q

cutaneous

A

related to skin

(derm)

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142
Q

cyst

A

urinary bladder

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143
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of urinary bladder

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144
Q

cystolithotomy

A

urologic procedure to remove one or more bladder/kidney stones

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145
Q

cystoscope

A

instrument to visually examine urinary bladder

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146
Q

cyte

A

cell

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147
Q

cytology

A

study of individual cells

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148
Q

degenerative

A

gradually getting worse

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149
Q

deltoid

A

triangular shoulder muscle

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150
Q

dentilingual

A

pronounced with the teeth and the tongue

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151
Q

dentition

A

character/makeup of a set of teeth

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152
Q

derm

A

skin

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153
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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154
Q

dermatology

A

study of the skin

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155
Q

dia

A

complete

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156
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

flavorless urine

defect in ADH production/receptor

excretion of large amounts of urine

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157
Q

diagnosis

A

complete knowledge gained after testing and examining the patient

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158
Q

dialysis

A

procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. It often involves diverting blood to a machine to be cleaned.

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159
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle separating abdominal and thoracic cavities

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160
Q

diastole

A

relaxation of cardiac muscle

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161
Q

diencephalon

A

between cerebrum and cerebellum

involves:

  1. Thalamus
  2. Hypothalamus
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162
Q

dilatation

A

expanded or widened

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163
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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164
Q

dislocate

A

disturbance in normal arrangement or position of a joint

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165
Q

divisions of spinal column

A

1) Cervical (neck) region - 7 bones
2) Thoracic (chest) region - 12 bones
3) Lumbar (waist) region - 5 bones
4) Sacral (lower back) region - 5 fused bones
5) Coccygeal (tailbone) region - 4 fused bones

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166
Q

dur

A

dura mater

outermost meningeal membrane in brain/spinal cord

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167
Q

dys

A

bad, painful

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168
Q

dysentery

A

infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with the presence of blood and mucus in the feces

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169
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual periods which are caused by uterine contractions

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170
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

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171
Q

dysphagia

A

swallowing difficulties - painful

c.f. aphagia - inability to swallow

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172
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal development of cells within tissues or organs

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173
Q

dyspnea

A

Shortness of breath

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174
Q

dysuria

A

discomfort or burning with urination

urinary tract infection

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175
Q

ec-

A

outside, out

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176
Q

economy class syndrome

A

formation of blood clots in veins deep within the legs – deep vein thrombosis – occurring during (or just after) a long airplane flight

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177
Q

ectomy

A

cutting out

excision

cf. tomy = incision

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178
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

when a fertilised egg implants itself outside of the womb, usually in one of the fallopian tubes

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179
Q

ectopic

A

abnormal place or position.

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180
Q

edema

A

swelling due to fluid trapped in tissues

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181
Q

electrocardiogram

A

electricity
heart
record

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182
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

can determine seizures (e.g. epilepsy)

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183
Q

encephalo

A

brain

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184
Q

encephalopathy

A

damage or disease that affects the brain

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185
Q

endo

A

endocrine gland

/

inside, internal

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186
Q

endocarditis

A

life-threatening inflammation of the inner lining of your heart’s chambers and valves

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187
Q

endocardium

A

thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the heart and valves

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188
Q

endocrinology

A

study of the endocrine glands

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189
Q

endodontium

A

inside tooth

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190
Q

enter

A

intestines

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191
Q

enteritis

A

inflammation of the intestines

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192
Q

epi

A

above, upon

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193
Q

epidural

A

an injection in your back to stop you feeling pain in part of your body.

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194
Q

epiglottis

A

flap of cartilage closeing over trachea

  • makes sure food travels through esophaguus, not trachea
  • this swallowing is controled by medulla oblongata
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195
Q

epitheli

A

skin, surface tissue

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196
Q

erythro

A

red

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197
Q

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell

enucleated

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198
Q

erythrocytosis

A

slight increase in RBC

*when -osis is used with blood cell words, it means a slight increase in # of cells

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199
Q

erythropoeisis

A

formation of RBC

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200
Q

esophageal hiatus

A

opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes from the thoracic to abdominal cavity

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201
Q

esthesio

A

sensation

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202
Q

eversion

A

turning inside-out

밖으로 접질림

cf. inversive

eversive ankle sprain is much worse than inversive

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203
Q

exacerbation

A

increase in the severity of a disease or its signs and symptoms

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204
Q

exo

A

outside

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205
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete substances outside the body

sweat, tears, mammary glands

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206
Q

exophthalmos

A

bulging of eyes,

caused by hyperthyroidism

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207
Q

exploratory laparotomy

A

making large incision in abdominal wall to inspect organs for evidence of disease

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208
Q

extra

A

outside

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209
Q

eye orbit

A

bony cavity of eye

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210
Q

fibroids

A

benign tumor of uterine muscle

benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract. Also called leiomyoma

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211
Q

fibrosarcoma

A

cancer of fibrous tissue

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212
Q

fibrothorax

A

severe scarring (fibrosis)

accumulation of fibrous tissue

fusion of the layers of the pleural space surrounding the lungs

=> causes undrained pleural fluid.

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213
Q

fistula

A

abnormal opening or passage between two organs or between an organ and the surface of the body

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214
Q

flexion

A

bending

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215
Q

frontal plane

divides into anterioir/posterior

A

Coronal plane

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216
Q

fundus

A

part of the eyeball opposite the pupil

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217
Q

ganglion

A

group of nerve cells

benign cyst near joint

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218
Q

gangrene

A

gangrene is type of necrosis:

  • death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection
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219
Q

gastrectomy

A

excision of portion of stomach

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220
Q

gastric

A

stomach
ic = pertaining to

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221
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach & intestines

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222
Q

gastroenterology

A

stomach

intestines

study of

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223
Q

gastroscope

A

instrument to visually examine stomach

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224
Q

gen

A

produce, begin

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225
Q

ger

A

old age

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226
Q

geriatrician

A

doctors who provide health care for the elderly

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227
Q

globin

A

protein

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228
Q

glyc

A

sugar

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229
Q

gnos

A

knowledge

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230
Q

gram

A

record

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231
Q

graphy

A

process of recording

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232
Q

groin

A

사타구니

inguin

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233
Q

gynec

A

woman, female

234
Q

gynecology

A

study of women and women’s diseases

235
Q

gynecomastia

A

condition of overdevelopment or enlargement of the breast tissue in men or boys

-endocrine disorder

236
Q

hema

A

Blood

237
Q

hematemesis

A

very dangerous condition in which a person bleeds internally, and vomits as a result.

238
Q

hematology

A

study of blood

239
Q

hematoma

A

mass/swelling containing blood

bruise

240
Q

hematuria

A

blood present in urea

241
Q

hemiplagia

A

half of body is paralyzed

242
Q

hemodialysis

A

treatment to filter wastes and water from your blood

  • replacement for kidney
  • uses kidney machine
243
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made

244
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing blood

245
Q

themorrhage

A

Bleeding

blood loss

246
Q

hepat

A

liver

247
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of liver

248
Q

hepatoma

A

cancerous tumor of liver

249
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of liver

250
Q

hernia

A

protrude through an abnormal body opening

lose original position

251
Q

hyoid bone

A

bone attached to root of the tongue

between jaw - torn when hung by neck

252
Q

hyper

A

excessive, more than normal

253
Q

hypercapnia

A

buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream

254
Q

hypercapnia

A

buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream.

255
Q

hyperglycemia

A

too much sugar

sign of diabete mellitus

mellitus = sweet

256
Q

hyperoxemia

A

state of excess supply of O2 in tissues and organs

257
Q

hyperplasia

A

enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by tumor cells increasing in number

c.f. hypertrophy - increase in size not number (e.g. bulk up of muscle)

258
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

259
Q

hyperthyroidism

symptoms

A

graves disease

thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine

sweting, swelling of tissue behind eyes (bulging)

260
Q

hypertrophy

A

cells increase in size, not number (e.g. bulk up of muscle)

troph = nourishment

c.f. hyperplasia - increase in number not size

261
Q

hypo

A

below, less than normal

262
Q

hypocapnia

A

decrease in alveolar and blood carbon dioxide (CO2) levels below the normal range

263
Q

hypochondriac

A

1) unusual anxiety about health
2) cavity under cartilage of ribs (left and right)

264
Q

hypoglycemia

A

too much insulin in blood

symptoms: weakness, headache, hunger

265
Q

hypoxemia

A

below-normal level of oxygen in your blood, specifically in the arteries

266
Q

hyster

A

uterus

267
Q

iatro

A

treatment

268
Q

infarction

A

area of dead tissue caused by ischemia (condition where blood supply is held back from part of the body)

269
Q

infra

A

below

270
Q

infra

A

below, beneath, INFERIOR to

271
Q

inguin

A

groin

사타구니

272
Q

intravenous

A

into veins

273
Q

ischemia

A

blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body

274
Q

isch

A

이스끼

to hold back

275
Q

ist

A

specialist

276
Q

itis

A

inflammation

277
Q

juxta

A

near, next to

278
Q

laminectomy

A

excision of a piece of backbone (lamina)

to relieve pressure on nerves from a herniating disk

279
Q

lapar

A

abdomen

280
Q

laparoscope

A

surgical procedure that examines inside of the abdomen

281
Q

laparoscopy

A

procedures done through insertions in the abdomen

(e.g. viewing organs, tying fallopian tube)

282
Q

laryngectomy

A

surgical excision of larynx

283
Q

larynx

A

voice box

284
Q

lateral plane

divides into left and right

A

sagittal plane

285
Q

latero

A

side

286
Q

leiomyoma

A

benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract. Also called fibroid

287
Q

cleiomysarcoma

A

type of cancer that begins in smooth muscle tissue (visceral muscle - internal organs)

myosarcoma - malignant muscle tumor

leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle

rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle

288
Q

lethargic

A

tired

289
Q

leucotomy

A

surgical cutting of white nerve fibers within the brain

290
Q

leuk

A

white

291
Q

leukemia

A

large numbers of immature, cancerous cells (lymphocytes) found in bloodstream and bone marrow

292
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

293
Q

leukocytosis

A

slight increase in normal WBC numbers

(in response to infection)

*when -osis is used with blood cell words, it means a slight increase in # of cells

c.f. (dont get confused with) leukemia: large numbers of immature, cancerous cells (lymphocytes) found in bloodstream and bone marrow

294
Q

liposarcoma

A

cancer of fatty tissue

295
Q

lithotripsy

A

a treatment, typically using ultrasound shock waves, by which a kidney stone or other calculus is broken into small particles that can be passed out by the body.

296
Q

logist

A

specialist in the study of

297
Q

logy

A

study of

298
Q

loin

A

waist/lumbar

299
Q

lumbar puncture

A

surgical perforation in lumbar membrane

300
Q

lumbar puncture

A

inserting needle between L4 and L5 to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid

301
Q

lumbar region of spinal cord

A

3) waist region

L1 - L5

302
Q

lumbar

A

waist/loin

303
Q

lymphadenoma

A

benign tumors of the major salivary glands

304
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

disease condition of lymph nodes

305
Q

lymphoma

A

lymph node/gland tumor

306
Q

malignant

A

bad

307
Q

malocclusion

A

imperfect positioning of the teeth when the jaws are closed

308
Q

mamm

A

breast

309
Q

mammo

A

breast

(mast)

310
Q

mammogram

A

X-ray picture of the breast

311
Q

mammoplasty

A

breast cancer surgery

removes the tumour but conserves some of the breast tissue

312
Q

mastectomy

A

breast cancer surgery that removes the entire breast

313
Q

mast

A

breast

(mammo)

314
Q

mediastinum

A

located between the lungs

contains the heart, esophagus, trachea

315
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

316
Q

melan-

A

black

317
Q

melanoma

A

malignant tumor of pigmented cells in skin

318
Q

men

A

menses (menstruation)

month

319
Q

menarche

A

first occurrence of menstruation.

320
Q

meninges - 3 layers

A

three membranes

1) dura mater (outer)
2) arachnoid (middle)
3) pia mater (inner)

321
Q

meninges

A

three membranes (the dura (outer), arachnoid (middle), and pia (inner) mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord

Role: primarily to protect and support the CNS

322
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding during menstruation

chronic menorrhagia can lead to anemia

323
Q

menorrhea

A

menstrual flow

생리

324
Q

mesothelioma

A

malignant tumor of pleural cells (membrane surrounding lungs)

325
Q

meta

A

change, beyond

326
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • use magnetic waves instead of x-rays
  • can see all 3 planes of body
  • patient cannot have metal
327
Q

mucosal

A

innermost layer

328
Q

mural

A

wall

329
Q

my/o

A

muscle

330
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

331
Q

myelogenous leukemia

A

cancer of the blood and bone marrow (in monocytes)

332
Q

myelogram

A

myel = spinal cord

imaging examination of spine

uses a contrast dye and X-rays or computed tomography (CT)

333
Q

myeloma

A

bone marrow tumor

malignant tumor

334
Q

myel

A

1) spinal cord
2) bone marrow (soft, inner part of bones where blood cells are made)

335
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack

happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don’t get enough oxygen. This happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked.

336
Q

myocardial

A

relating to the muscular tissue of the heart

337
Q

myoma

A

benign tumor of muscle

often refers to benign tumor of uterine muscle (called fibroids)

338
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of muscle tumor

339
Q

myosarcoma

A

malignant muscle tumor

leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle

rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle

340
Q

myositis

A

inflammation of muscles

painful or aching muscles

341
Q

nat

A

birth

342
Q

necro

A

death (of cells)

343
Q

necrosis

A

death of body tissue

can be caused by ischemia

gangrene is type of necrosis:

  • death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection
344
Q

neoplasm

A

abnormal growth of cells in the body, also described as a tumor

345
Q

neoplastic

A

“new growth,”

process of excessive and uncontrolled cell proliferation

346
Q

nephr

A

kidney

(ren- is also kidney)

347
Q

nephr

A

kidney

(ren is also kidney)

e.g. epinephrine

348
Q

nephrectomy

A
349
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of kidney

350
Q

nephrology

A
351
Q

nephromegaly

A

enlargement of kidney

352
Q

nephropathy

A

deterioration of kidney function

353
Q

nephrosis

A

various forms of kidney disease

354
Q

neur

A

nerve

355
Q

neuralgia

A

pain inn nervous system

356
Q

neuritis

A
357
Q

neurology

A

study of nerves, brain, spinal cord

358
Q

neurotomy

A

surgical cutting of a nerve

359
Q

NMR

A

can see soft tissue

360
Q

norm

A

rule/order

361
Q

nos

A

disease

362
Q

notch

A

V-shaped cut, indentation, or nick, especially at the edge of an object or structure

e.g. clavicular notch is the shallow depression located on either side

363
Q

obstetrician

A

treatment of pregnant women, deliver babies

364
Q

obstetrics

A

care of pregnant women and delivery of fetus

365
Q

occlusion

A

complete or partial blockage of a blood vessel

366
Q

oma

A

mass, tumor

367
Q

onc

A

tumor

368
Q

oncology

A

study of tumors

369
Q

oophorectomy

A

surgical procedure to remove one or both of your ovaries

370
Q

oophor

A

ovary

371
Q

ophthalmology

A

study of the eye

372
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument to view outer and inner areas of eyes

373
Q

opsy

A

viewing

374
Q

orifice

A

opening, especially an opening to the body

375
Q

orthodontic

A

branch of dentistry dealing with irregularities of the teeth (such as malocclusion) and their correction

376
Q

osis

A

abnormal condition

377
Q

ossification

A

bone formation

378
Q

ostealgia

A

pain in bone

379
Q

osteitis

A
380
Q

osteo

A

bone

381
Q

osteoarthritis

A

thinning, loss of cartilage

when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in your joints gradually deteriorates

382
Q

osteoblast

A

cell that form new bone

383
Q

osteoclast

A

specialized cell that absorbs and removes bone, allowing for the development of new bone and maintenance of bone strength.

384
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

cancer of bone

385
Q

osteolysis

A

progressive condition where bone tissue is destroyed

386
Q

osteomalacia

A

condition in adults in which bones become soft and deformed because they don’t have enough calcium and phosphorus

387
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

388
Q

osteopenia

A

condition in which there is a lower-than-normal bone mass or bone mineral density

389
Q

osteotomy

A

incision of bone

390
Q

osteotrophy

A

defective bone development

391
Q

otalgia

A

ear pain

392
Q

otitis

A

inflammation of ear

393
Q

otolaryngologist

A

ENT doctor

394
Q

otolith

A

ear stone

395
Q

ot

A

ear

396
Q

palpation

A

examination by touch

397
Q

para

A

beside,near

398
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of lower half of body

c.f. hemiplegia - one half of body

quadriplegia - all four limbs

399
Q

partum

A

birth

400
Q

path

A

disease

401
Q

pathologist

A

doctor who views biopsy samples to make diagnosis

examines dead body

402
Q

pathology

A

study of disease

403
Q

pectoralis major

A

“pecs” - muscles that help you move your shoulder

404
Q

pediatrist

A

페다야트리스트

specialist in the care of babies

405
Q

pediatrist

A

페다야트리스트

specialist in the care of babies

406
Q

pedodontic

A

teeth of children

407
Q

pedunculated

A

growths protrude on stalks

408
Q

pelvic cavity

A

cavity within the bones of the pelvis

contains the internal reproductive organs, urinary bladder

3 bones of pelivs: Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

409
Q

pelvic cavity

organs it includes

A

urinary bladder

ureter

urethra

rectum

anus

uterus (females)

410
Q

pelv

A

pelvis (hip bones)

411
Q

peri-

A

around, surround

412
Q

pericardium

A

double membrane surrounding the heart

holds the heart in place and helps it work properly

413
Q

peridontist

A

expert in gums

414
Q

periosteum

A

connective tissue that covers the surfaces of your bones

c.f. peritoneum : double membrane surrounding abdominal cavity

415
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

alternative method of hemodialysis

  • type of dialysis which uses the peritoneum (abdominal membrane) to remove waste materials from blood
  • special fluid is inserted into peritoneal cavity
  • wastes seep into the fluid form the blood
  • fluid and wastes are drained

It is used to remove excess fluid, correct electrolyte problems, and remove toxins in those with kidney failure

416
Q

peritoneum

A

double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen

c.f. periosteum: membranous tissue that covers the surfaces of your bones

417
Q

peritonic cavity

A

*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen

space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs)

418
Q

pernicious anemia

A

type of vitamin B12 anemia

mucus membrane of stomach fails to produce substance needed for B12 absorption & formation of RBCs

419
Q

phargyng

A

passage for food in mouth and air from nose

420
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

421
Q

phlebotomy

A

puncture of a vein in order to withdraw blood or introduce a fluid

422
Q

phleb

A

vein

423
Q

plas

A

formation, growth, development

424
Q

plasia

A

formation

425
Q

platelet

A

piece of blood cell involved in clotting

enucleated

426
Q

plegia

A

paralysis

427
Q

pleural cavity

A

space bewteen pleural membranes

(double membrane surrounding lungs)

428
Q

pleural effusion

A

build-up of excess fluid in pleural cavity

*pleural cavity = double membrane surrounding lungs

429
Q

pleura

A

double membrane surrounding lungs

430
Q

plexus

A

network of nerves or vessels in the body

431
Q

pneumon

A

lung

432
Q

pneumonectomy

A

excision of lung tissue

c. f. total pneumonectomy - excision of entire lung
c. f. lobectomy - excision of a single lobe

433
Q

pneumonia

A

lung is inflamed

causes fluid and material to collect in air sacs of lungs

434
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of lung tissue

435
Q

polydipsia

A

extreme thirstiness

436
Q

polyneuropathy

A

simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body

437
Q

polyuria

A

excessive secretion of urine

438
Q

poster

A

backm behind

439
Q

principal diagnosis

A

cause of patient’s admission to hospital, after evaluation

440
Q

pro

A

before, forward

441
Q

prognosis

A

prediction made after diagnosis

442
Q

prolapse

A

when 1 or more of the organs in the pelvis slip down from their normal position and bulge into the vagina

443
Q

pronation

A

rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces downwards (posterior)

cf. supination

444
Q

pros

A

before, forward

445
Q

prostate gland

A

exocrine gland

located in front of the urinary bladder

446
Q

prostatectomy

A

excision of prostate gland

447
Q

proximal

A

proximal + bone name

= towards axial skeleton

448
Q

psych

A

mind

449
Q

psychology

A

study of mind, mental disorders

450
Q

psychosis

A

abnormal condition of mind

hallucinations, delusions

451
Q

pulmon

A

lung

452
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all 4 limbs

453
Q

RAAS

A

renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system

critical regulator of blood volume and systemic vascular resistance

renin causes blood vessels to constrict

454
Q

radi

A

x-ray

455
Q

radio

A

X-ray

456
Q

re

A

back

457
Q

ren

A

kidney

(neph is also kidney)

458
Q

resection

A

removing organs by ‘trimming’

cutting back

459
Q

retinopathy

A

Disease of the retina which results in impairment or loss of vision.

460
Q

retro

A

behind

461
Q

retrogastric

A

behind
stomach
pertaining to

462
Q

retrogastric

A
463
Q

retroperitoneal area

A

space located behind the abdominal or peritoneal cavity

*peritoneum = double membrane surrounding lines abdominal wall and surrounds organs in abdomen

464
Q

rhabdomysarcoma

A

rare type of cancer that forms in skeletal muscle tissue or sometimes hollow organs such as the bladder or uterus

malignant muscle tumor

leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle

rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle

465
Q

rheumatology

A

study of joint diseases

(rheu = watery discharge)

466
Q

rheumato

A

joints filling with fluids

467
Q

rhin

A

nose

468
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nose

469
Q

rhinolalia

A

A nasal tone in speech

470
Q

rhinomycosis

A

Fungal infection of the nasal mucous membranes.

471
Q

rhinoplasty

A

urgery to change the shape of the nose

472
Q

rhinorrhea

A

discharge of a thin nasal mucus fluid

runny nose

473
Q

sacral region of spinal cord

A

4) lower back region

S1 - S5

474
Q

sagittal plane

A

lateral plane

divides into left and right

475
Q

salping-

A

fallopian tube/oviduct

476
Q

salpingectomy

A

surgical procedure where one or both of a woman’s fallopian tubes are removed

477
Q

salpingitis

A

inflammation of the fallopian tubes, caused by bacterial infection

478
Q

sarc

A

flesh

479
Q

sarcoma

A

fleshy tumor

cancerous tumors that grow from connective tissues (muscle, fat, bone, cartilage)

malignant

480
Q

scapul

A

scapula (shoulder blade)

481
Q

sclerosis

A

hardening

482
Q

scope

A

instrument to visually examine

483
Q

scopy

A

process of visual examination

484
Q

scotoma

A

a partial loss of vision or blind spot in an otherwise normal visual field.

485
Q

section

A

cutting into an organ

486
Q

septicemia

A

blood poisoning/infection by bacteria

when they enter blood from wound

septicemia is more serious bacteremia (life-threatening)

487
Q

septic

A

pertaining to infection

488
Q

serosal

A

outermost layer

489
Q

serous membrane

A

smooth tissue membrane

  • line inner walls of body cavities
  • secrete serous fluid to allow lubrication
  • made up of:

(1) parietal layer (outside)
(2) visceral layer (inside)

490
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

visual examination of sigmoid colon

491
Q

sinus

A

cavity in any organ or tissue

hollow, cavity, or pocket;

492
Q

sis

A

state of

493
Q

son

A

sound

494
Q

spinal disk

A

flexible, connective tissue between each backbone

composed of cartilage

495
Q

spleenectomy

A

excision of spleen

496
Q

sternum

A

breast bone

497
Q

stomatitis

A

inflamed and sore mouth

498
Q

stratum

A

layer

499
Q

sub

A

below, under

500
Q

subcutaneous

A

below the skin

501
Q

subgastric

A

below
stomach
pertaining to

502
Q

subhepatic

A

under the liver

503
Q

subserosal

A

mass lying under serosal (outermost) layer

504
Q

subtotal hysterectomy

A

only portion of uterus removed

c.f. total hysterectomy - entire uterus removed (including cervix)

505
Q

supination

A

rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward (anterior)

anatomical position

cf. pronation

506
Q

suprarenal

A

top part of kidney

(adrenal gland position)

507
Q

systole

A

contraction of cardiac muscle

508
Q

tachy

A

fast

509
Q

tachycardia

A

heart rate over 100 bpm

510
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid breathing.

511
Q

thorac

A

chest

512
Q

thoracentesis

A

procedure to remove fluid or air from around the lungs

513
Q

thoracic cavity

A

chest cavity

514
Q

thoracic region of spinal cord

A

2) chest region

T1 - T12

515
Q

thromb

A

clotting

516
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet

small cell that helpds bllod clot

517
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of vein

causes a blood clot to form and block one or more veins

518
Q

thrombosis

A

formation of thrombus (blood clot)

519
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot

520
Q

thymoma

A

malignant tumor of thymus gland

located in mediastenum (between lungs)

521
Q

tomosynthesis

A

new type of digital x-ray mammogram which creates 2D and 3D-like pictures of the breasts.

522
Q

tomy

A

process of cutting into

temporary incision

c.f. -stomy: permanent opening

523
Q

tonsil

A

two small masses of lymphoid tissue in the throat

524
Q

tonsil

A

lymph tissue in pharynx

525
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

526
Q

total hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of uterus (including cervix)

includes salpingectomy, oophorectomy

total abdominal hysterectomy = removed through abdomen

c.f. subtotal hysterectomy - only portion of uterus removed

527
Q

total pneumonectomy

A

excision of entire lung

c.f. pneumonectomy - excision of lung tissue

528
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of trachea, bacterial infection

529
Q

tracheostomy

A

hole that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe (trachea)

A tracheostomy tube is placed into the hole to keep it open for breathing

530
Q

tracheotomy

A

procedure performed to open trachea

531
Q

trans

A

across, through

532
Q

transdermal

A

through the skin

533
Q

transgastric

A

across
stomach
pertaining to

534
Q

transurethral

A

performed via the urethra

535
Q

transverse

A

axial, horizontal plane

divides into up and down

536
Q

trapezius

A

pair of large triangular muscles extending over the back of the neck and shoulders and moving the head and shoulder blade

537
Q

troph

A

development, nourishment

538
Q

tunica

A

enveloping membrane, lining organs, body tissue, blood vessels

539
Q

TURP

A

Transurethral resection of the prostate gland

procedure removing benign growth of prostate gland

540
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

lack insulin

541
Q

type 2 diabetes

A
542
Q

ultra

A

beyond

543
Q

umbilical

A

navel/belly button

544
Q

ungu

A

nail

545
Q

uremia

A

buildup of toxins in your blood

because kidneys fail to function

546
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

547
Q

uria

A

condition of urine

548
Q

urolithiasis

A

kidney stones

made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys

549
Q

urology

A

study of the urinary tract

550
Q

varicose

A

a vein that is abnormally swollen or made larger

caused by increased blood pressure in the veins

551
Q

varix

A

enlarged, swollen vein

552
Q

vascular

A

pertaining to blood vessels

553
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of blood vessel

554
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of the blood vessels

555
Q

vasectomy

A

surgical removal of vas deferens

556
Q

ventricle

A

hollow cavity

present in: (1) heart (2) brain

557
Q

ven

A

vein

558
Q

vertebra

A

backbone

559
Q

septic shock

A

life-threatening condition after an infection

when your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level

560
Q

epidural hematoma

A

mass of blood above the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meninges)

561
Q

syndactyly

A

webbed or conjoined fingers or toes

562
Q

orthopedist

A

정형외과 전문의

doctors dealing with musculoskeletal conditions

563
Q

optician

A

안경점원 prescription of glasses, lenses, eyesight

c.f. opthalmologist - doctor dealing with eyes

564
Q

hydrocephalus

A

buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain

565
Q

reflux

A

flow back

566
Q

aneurism

A

bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches

567
Q

narcolepsy

A

chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep

568
Q

pyelonephritis

A

urinary tract infection where one or both kidneys become infected

569
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

condition in infants that blocks food from entering the small intestine

570
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of your digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition

571
Q

myringotomy

A

procedure to create a hole in the ear drum to allow fluid that is trapped in the middle ear to drain out.

572
Q

stapedectomy

A

surgery to treat hearing loss caused by otosclerosis. This condition affects your hearing by damaging your stape

573
Q

epicardium

A

layer of tissue between the pericardium and the heart

574
Q

myocardium

A

muscle layer of the heart

575
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

sagittal plane

576
Q
A
577
Q

iatrogenic

A

relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.

e.g. If you were to become infected because a healthcare provider didn’t wash his or her hands after touching a previous patient, this would be considered an iatrogenic infection

578
Q

relapse

A

reoccurrence of illness

579
Q

post partem

A

after birth

c.f. ante partem (before birth)

post mortem (after birth)

580
Q

remission

A

A period during which symptoms of disease are reduced (partial remission) or disappear (complete remission)

Med Terms (6 decks)

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