All Chapters Flashcards

1
Q

-cele

A

protrusion, hernia

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2
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

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3
Q

-dynia

A

pain

e.g. cardiodynia, arthrodynia

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4
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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5
Q

-ia

A

condition

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6
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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7
Q

-ism

A

condition, process

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8
Q

-lysis

A

separation, breakdown, destruction

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9
Q

-pathy

A

disease condition

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10
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

surgical correction

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11
Q
  • rrhage
  • rrhagia
A

excessive discharge of blood

c.f. -rrhea

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12
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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13
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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14
Q

-stomy

A

make new opening to outside of body

permanent

c.f. -tomy: temporary opening

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15
Q

-thesis

A

to put, place

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16
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment, development

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17
Q

11 organ systems of the body

A
  1. Nervous
  2. Respiratory
  3. Digestive
  4. Circulatory
  5. Male Reproductive
  6. Female Reproductive
  7. Musculoskeletal
  8. Skin and sense organ
  9. Lymphatic
  10. Endocrine
  11. Urinary
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18
Q

3 bones of pelvis

A

Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

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19
Q

5 body cavities

A
  1. Cranial cavity
  2. Thoracic cavity
  3. Abdominal cavity
  4. Pelvic cavity
  5. Spinal cavity
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20
Q

a

an

A

no

not

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21
Q

abdominopelvic regions

A

1) Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac
2) Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar
3) Right inguinal, Hypogastric, Left inguinal

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22
Q

abduction

A

pulling structure away

벌림

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23
Q

ac

A

pertaining to

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24
Q

achondroplasia

A

a = no

chondro = cartilage

plasia = formation

dwarfism, dominantly inherited

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25
acute
sharpt, sudden, brief
26
adduction
pulling structure towards middle 모음
27
adenectomy
excision of gland
28
adenitis
inflammation of gland
29
adeno
gland
30
adenocarcinoma
type of cancer starts in the mucous glands inside of organs like the lungs, colon, or even breast
31
adenoidectomy
excision of adenoids
32
adenoid
mass of soft lymph tissue behind the nasal cavity -in the pharynx adenovirus - first found in adenoids -DNA virus
33
adenoma
tumor of gland, benign
34
adenopathy
disease condition of lymph nodes synonym for lymphadenopathy
35
-al
pertaining to
36
algia
pain
37
amenorrhea
absence of menstruation
38
amni
sac of fluid surrounding embryo
39
amniocentesis
sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus
40
ana
up, apart
41
anastomosis
surgical connection between two structures It usually means a connection that is created between tubular structures, such as blood vessels or loops of intestine
42
anemia
decrease in RBC numbers or ability to carry O2 due to lowered hemoglobin due to mutation of hemoglobin
43
anemic anoxia
not enough hemoglobin in blood blood can't carry enough oxygen around your body to keep your organs functioning properly
44
angina
type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart heart gets shrivelled
45
angiography
X-ray used to check blood vessels contrast material (iodine) is injected into artery/vein before X-ray is taken
46
angioplasty
balloon to stretch open a narrowed or blocked artery a stent is placed in the artery to hold it open
47
angiotensin
protein hormone that causes blood vessels to become narrower It helps to maintain blood pressure and fluid balance in the body
48
angi
vessel
49
ante partum
before birth
50
ante-
before, forward
51
antero
front
52
apex
pointed end of organ
53
aphagia
inability to swallow
54
aphasia
unable to communicate stroke affecting apnea of brain
55
aplastic anemia
bone marrow fails to produce RBCs, WBC, clotting cells
56
apnea
stop breathing
57
appendectomy
excision of appendix
58
arrhythmia
irregular heartbeat
59
arteriosclerosis
thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries
60
arthr
joint
61
arthralgia
joint stiffness
62
arthritis
inflammation of joint
63
arthrocentesis
procedure using a needle to take fluid out of a joint
64
arthrodynia
pain in or around a joint
65
arthrogram
x-ray record of a joint
66
arthroscopy
procedure used to diagnose and treat problems with joints
67
ascites
어사이티스 collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity \*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen
68
ather
plaque
69
atheroma
buildup of materials that adhere to arteries
70
atherosclerosis
type of arteriosclerosis (thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries) hardening of blood vessel by atheroma (fatty plaque)
71
atrophy
progressive degeneration or shrinkage of muscle or nerve tissue
72
aut
self
73
autopsy
examining dead body with one's own eyes
74
axial plane divides into up and down
transverse, horizontal
75
axill
armpit
76
axillary gland
lymph nodes in armpit
77
bacteremia
bacterial invasion of blood septicemia is more serious bacteremia (life-threatening)
78
benign
good
79
bi
life
80
bilateral disorder
problems with both eyes, both ears etc. occurs when the balance portions of both inner ears are damaged
81
bilateral salpingectomy (BSO)
procedure in which removes both Fallopian tubes (oviduct)
82
biology
study of life
83
biopsy
life viewing =living tissue removed and viewed under microscope
84
blepharoplasty
surgical repair or reconstruction of an eyelid
85
bolus
1) ball of food 2) dose of substance
86
bradychardia
slower than normal heart rate
87
brady
slow
88
broncho
bronchial tubes from windpipe to lungs
89
bursa
sac of fluid near joint
90
bursitis
inflammation of bursa (small fluid filled sac near joint)
91
calculus
stone
92
callus
localized firm thickening of the upper layer of skin as a result of repetitive friction. (굳은살)
93
capitulum
head of bone rounded ball above radius
94
carcino
cancerous
95
carcinoma
cancerous tumor
96
cardi
heart
97
cardiac
heart ac = pertaining to
98
cardinal
greatest importance; fundamental.
99
cardiology
study of the heart
100
cardiomegaly
enlargement of heart
101
cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for your heart to pump blood to the rest of your body
102
carp
wrist
103
cavity
space or compartment
104
cellulitis
bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin
105
cephal
head
106
cephalic presentation
when an infant is born with head delivered first
107
cerebr
cerebrum, largest part of brain
108
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and symptoms
disorder of blood vessel in cerebrum =stroke symptoms: aphasia, paralysis, weakness
109
cervic
neck of the body \*cervical can mean neck or uterine cervix
110
cervical region of spinal cord
1) neck region C1 - C7
111
chemotherapy
drug treatment that uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in your body
112
cholecystectomy
surgery to remove your gallbladder
113
cholecystokinin
secreted by small intestine stimulates gall bladder to secrete bile
114
cholecyst
gall bladder
115
chondrosarcoma
cancer of cartilage tissue
116
chondr
cartilage
117
chron
time chronic = long lasting
118
chronic myelogenous leukemia
cancer in which too many myeloblasts are found in the blood and bone marrow
119
circumduction
move a limb in a circular manner
120
cis
to cut
121
coccyg
tailbone
122
coccygeal region of spinal cord
5) tailbone region 4 fused bones
123
colectomy
excision of colon
124
colo
large intestine
125
colocolostomy
surgical formation of a communication between two noncontinuous segments of the colon
126
congenital
disease or physical abnormality present from birth.
127
constitutes
x constitutes y x = smaller components y = large category G1, S, G2 phase constitutes interphase
128
con-
with, together
129
Coronal plane
frontal plane divides into anterioir/posterior
130
corpus
body
131
cortex
outer part of organ
132
cost
ribs
133
cranio
skull
134
craniocaudal
top to bottom
135
craniotomy
making incision in skull
136
crin
to secrete
137
cryo
cold
138
cryotherapy
use of extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue
139
Cushing's syndrome
disorder that occurs when your body makes too much of the hormone cortisol over a long period of time
140
cutane
skin
141
cutaneous
related to skin | (derm)
142
cyst
urinary bladder
143
cystitis
inflammation of urinary bladder
144
cystolithotomy
urologic procedure to remove one or more bladder/kidney stones
145
cystoscope
instrument to visually examine urinary bladder
146
cyte
cell
147
cytology
study of individual cells
148
degenerative
gradually getting worse
149
deltoid
triangular shoulder muscle
150
dentilingual
pronounced with the teeth and the tongue
151
dentition
character/makeup of a set of teeth
152
derm
skin
153
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
154
dermatology
study of the skin
155
dia
complete
156
diabetes insipidus
flavorless urine defect in ADH production/receptor excretion of large amounts of urine
157
diagnosis
complete knowledge gained after testing and examining the patient
158
dialysis
procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. It often involves diverting blood to a machine to be cleaned.
159
diaphragm
muscle separating abdominal and thoracic cavities
160
diastole
relaxation of cardiac muscle
161
diencephalon
between cerebrum and cerebellum involves: 1. Thalamus 2. Hypothalamus
162
dilatation
expanded or widened
163
-dipsia
thirst
164
dislocate
disturbance in normal arrangement or position of a joint
165
divisions of spinal column
1) Cervical (neck) region - 7 bones 2) Thoracic (chest) region - 12 bones 3) Lumbar (waist) region - 5 bones 4) Sacral (lower back) region - 5 fused bones 5) Coccygeal (tailbone) region - 4 fused bones
166
dur
dura mater outermost meningeal membrane in brain/spinal cord
167
dys
bad, painful
168
dysentery
infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with the presence of blood and mucus in the feces
169
dysmenorrhea
painful menstrual periods which are caused by uterine contractions
170
dyspepsia
indigestion
171
dysphagia
swallowing difficulties - painful c.f. aphagia - inability to swallow
172
dysplasia
abnormal development of cells within tissues or organs
173
dyspnea
Shortness of breath
174
dysuria
discomfort or burning with urination urinary tract infection
175
ec-
outside, out
176
economy class syndrome
formation of blood clots in veins deep within the legs -- deep vein thrombosis -- occurring during (or just after) a long airplane flight
177
ectomy
cutting out excision cf. tomy = incision
178
ectopic pregnancy
when a fertilised egg implants itself outside of the womb, usually in one of the fallopian tubes
179
ectopic
abnormal place or position.
180
edema
swelling due to fluid trapped in tissues
181
electrocardiogram
electricity heart record
182
electroencephalogram (EEG)
can determine seizures (e.g. epilepsy)
183
encephalo
brain
184
encephalopathy
damage or disease that affects the brain
185
endo
endocrine gland / inside, internal
186
endocarditis
life-threatening inflammation of the inner lining of your heart's chambers and valves
187
endocardium
thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the heart and valves
188
endocrinology
study of the endocrine glands
189
endodontium
inside tooth
190
enter
intestines
191
enteritis
inflammation of the intestines
192
epi
above, upon
193
epidural
an injection in your back to stop you feeling pain in part of your body.
194
epiglottis
flap of cartilage closeing over trachea - makes sure food travels through esophaguus, not trachea - this swallowing is controled by medulla oblongata
195
epitheli
skin, surface tissue
196
erythro
red
197
erythrocyte
red blood cell enucleated
198
erythrocytosis
slight increase in RBC \*when -osis is used with blood cell words, it means a slight increase in # of cells
199
erythropoeisis
formation of RBC
200
esophageal hiatus
opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes from the thoracic to abdominal cavity
201
esthesio
sensation
202
eversion
turning inside-out 밖으로 접질림 cf. inversive eversive ankle sprain is much worse than inversive
203
exacerbation
increase in the severity of a disease or its signs and symptoms
204
exo
outside
205
exocrine glands
secrete substances outside the body sweat, tears, mammary glands
206
exophthalmos
bulging of eyes, caused by hyperthyroidism
207
exploratory laparotomy
making large incision in abdominal wall to inspect organs for evidence of disease
208
extra
outside
209
eye orbit
bony cavity of eye
210
fibroids
benign tumor of uterine muscle benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract. Also called leiomyoma
211
fibrosarcoma
cancer of fibrous tissue
212
fibrothorax
severe scarring (fibrosis) accumulation of fibrous tissue fusion of the layers of the pleural space surrounding the lungs =\> causes undrained pleural fluid.
213
fistula
abnormal opening or passage between two organs or between an organ and the surface of the body
214
flexion
bending
215
frontal plane divides into anterioir/posterior
Coronal plane
216
fundus
part of the eyeball opposite the pupil
217
ganglion
group of nerve cells benign cyst near joint
218
gangrene
gangrene is type of necrosis: - death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection
219
gastrectomy
excision of portion of stomach
220
gastric
stomach ic = pertaining to
221
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach & intestines
222
gastroenterology
stomach intestines study of
223
gastroscope
instrument to visually examine stomach
224
gen
produce, begin
225
ger
old age
226
geriatrician
doctors who provide health care for the elderly
227
globin
protein
228
glyc
sugar
229
gnos
knowledge
230
gram
record
231
graphy
process of recording
232
groin
사타구니 inguin
233
gynec
woman, female
234
gynecology
study of women and women's diseases
235
gynecomastia
condition of overdevelopment or enlargement of the breast tissue in men or boys -endocrine disorder
236
hema
Blood
237
hematemesis
very dangerous condition in which a person bleeds internally, and vomits as a result.
238
hematology
study of blood
239
hematoma
mass/swelling containing blood bruise
240
hematuria
blood present in urea
241
hemiplagia
half of body is paralyzed
242
hemodialysis
treatment to filter wastes and water from your blood - replacement for kidney - uses kidney machine
243
hemolytic anemia
disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made
244
hemoptysis
coughing blood
245
themorrhage
Bleeding blood loss
246
hepat
liver
247
hepatitis
inflammation of liver
248
hepatoma
cancerous tumor of liver
249
hepatomegaly
enlargement of liver
250
hernia
protrude through an abnormal body opening lose original position
251
hyoid bone
bone attached to root of the tongue between jaw - torn when hung by neck
252
hyper
excessive, more than normal
253
hypercapnia
buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream
254
hypercapnia
buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream.
255
hyperglycemia
too much sugar sign of diabete mellitus mellitus = sweet
256
hyperoxemia
state of excess supply of O2 in tissues and organs
257
hyperplasia
enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by tumor cells increasing in number c.f. hypertrophy - increase in size not number (e.g. bulk up of muscle)
258
hypertension
high blood pressure
259
hyperthyroidism symptoms
graves disease thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine sweting, swelling of tissue behind eyes (bulging)
260
hypertrophy
cells increase in size, not number (e.g. bulk up of muscle) troph = nourishment c.f. hyperplasia - increase in number not size
261
hypo
below, less than normal
262
hypocapnia
decrease in alveolar and blood carbon dioxide (CO2) levels below the normal range
263
hypochondriac
1) unusual anxiety about health 2) cavity under cartilage of ribs (left and right)
264
hypoglycemia
too much insulin in blood symptoms: weakness, headache, hunger
265
hypoxemia
below-normal level of oxygen in your blood, specifically in the arteries
266
hyster
uterus
267
iatro
treatment
268
infarction
area of dead tissue caused by ischemia (condition where blood supply is held back from part of the body)
269
infra
below
270
infra
below, beneath, INFERIOR to
271
inguin
groin 사타구니
272
intravenous
into veins
273
ischemia
blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body
274
isch
이스끼 to hold back
275
ist
specialist
276
itis
inflammation
277
juxta
near, next to
278
laminectomy
excision of a piece of backbone (lamina) to relieve pressure on nerves from a herniating disk
279
lapar
abdomen
280
laparoscope
surgical procedure that examines inside of the abdomen
281
laparoscopy
procedures done through insertions in the abdomen (e.g. viewing organs, tying fallopian tube)
282
laryngectomy
surgical excision of larynx
283
larynx
voice box
284
lateral plane divides into left and right
sagittal plane
285
latero
side
286
leiomyoma
benign smooth muscle tumor, usually in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract. Also called fibroid
287
cleiomysarcoma
type of cancer that begins in smooth muscle tissue (visceral muscle - internal organs) myosarcoma - malignant muscle tumor leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle
288
lethargic
tired
289
leucotomy
surgical cutting of white nerve fibers within the brain
290
leuk
white
291
leukemia
large numbers of immature, cancerous cells (lymphocytes) found in bloodstream and bone marrow
292
leukocyte
white blood cell
293
leukocytosis
slight increase in normal WBC numbers (in response to infection) \*when -osis is used with blood cell words, it means a slight increase in # of cells c.f. (dont get confused with) leukemia: large numbers of immature, cancerous cells (lymphocytes) found in bloodstream and bone marrow
294
liposarcoma
cancer of fatty tissue
295
lithotripsy
a treatment, typically using ultrasound shock waves, by which a kidney stone or other calculus is broken into small particles that can be passed out by the body.
296
logist
specialist in the study of
297
logy
study of
298
loin
waist/lumbar
299
lumbar puncture
surgical perforation in lumbar membrane
300
lumbar puncture
inserting needle between L4 and L5 to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid
301
lumbar region of spinal cord
3) waist region L1 - L5
302
lumbar
waist/loin
303
lymphadenoma
benign tumors of the major salivary glands
304
lymphadenopathy
disease condition of lymph nodes
305
lymphoma
lymph node/gland tumor
306
malignant
bad
307
malocclusion
imperfect positioning of the teeth when the jaws are closed
308
mamm
breast
309
mammo
breast | (mast)
310
mammogram
X-ray picture of the breast
311
mammoplasty
breast cancer surgery removes the tumour but conserves some of the breast tissue
312
mastectomy
breast cancer surgery that removes the entire breast
313
mast
breast | (mammo)
314
mediastinum
located between the lungs contains the heart, esophagus, trachea
315
-megaly
enlargement
316
melan-
black
317
melanoma
malignant tumor of pigmented cells in skin
318
men
menses (menstruation) month
319
menarche
first occurrence of menstruation.
320
meninges - 3 layers
three membranes 1) dura mater (outer) 2) arachnoid (middle) 3) pia mater (inner)
321
meninges
three membranes (the dura (outer), arachnoid (middle), and pia (inner) mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord Role: primarily to protect and support the CNS
322
menorrhagia
excessive bleeding during menstruation chronic menorrhagia can lead to anemia
323
menorrhea
menstrual flow 생리
324
mesothelioma
malignant tumor of pleural cells (membrane surrounding lungs)
325
meta
change, beyond
326
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - use magnetic waves instead of x-rays - can see all 3 planes of body - patient cannot have metal
327
mucosal
innermost layer
328
mural
wall
329
my/o
muscle
330
myalgia
muscle pain
331
myelogenous leukemia
cancer of the blood and bone marrow (in monocytes)
332
myelogram
myel = spinal cord imaging examination of spine uses a contrast dye and X-rays or computed tomography (CT)
333
myeloma
bone marrow tumor malignant tumor
334
myel
1) spinal cord 2) bone marrow (soft, inner part of bones where blood cells are made)
335
myocardial infarction
heart attack happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don't get enough oxygen. This happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked.
336
myocardial
relating to the muscular tissue of the heart
337
myoma
benign tumor of muscle often refers to benign tumor of uterine muscle (called fibroids)
338
myomectomy
excision of muscle tumor
339
myosarcoma
malignant muscle tumor leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle
340
myositis
inflammation of muscles painful or aching muscles
341
nat
birth
342
necro
death (of cells)
343
necrosis
death of body tissue can be caused by ischemia gangrene is type of necrosis: - death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection
344
neoplasm
abnormal growth of cells in the body, also described as a tumor
345
neoplastic
“new growth,” process of excessive and uncontrolled cell proliferation
346
nephr
kidney | (ren- is also kidney)
347
nephr
kidney (ren is also kidney) e.g. epinephrine
348
nephrectomy
349
nephritis
inflammation of kidney
350
nephrology
351
nephromegaly
enlargement of kidney
352
nephropathy
deterioration of kidney function
353
nephrosis
various forms of kidney disease
354
neur
nerve
355
neuralgia
pain inn nervous system
356
neuritis
357
neurology
study of nerves, brain, spinal cord
358
neurotomy
surgical cutting of a nerve
359
NMR
can see soft tissue
360
norm
rule/order
361
nos
disease
362
notch
V-shaped cut, indentation, or nick, especially at the edge of an object or structure e.g. clavicular notch is the shallow depression located on either side
363
obstetrician
treatment of pregnant women, deliver babies
364
obstetrics
care of pregnant women and delivery of fetus
365
occlusion
complete or partial blockage of a blood vessel
366
oma
mass, tumor
367
onc
tumor
368
oncology
study of tumors
369
oophorectomy
surgical procedure to remove one or both of your ovaries
370
oophor
ovary
371
ophthalmology
study of the eye
372
ophthalmoscope
instrument to view outer and inner areas of eyes
373
opsy
viewing
374
orifice
opening, especially an opening to the body
375
orthodontic
branch of dentistry dealing with irregularities of the teeth (such as malocclusion) and their correction
376
osis
abnormal condition
377
ossification
bone formation
378
ostealgia
pain in bone
379
osteitis
380
osteo
bone
381
osteoarthritis
thinning, loss of cartilage when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in your joints gradually deteriorates
382
osteoblast
cell that form new bone
383
osteoclast
specialized cell that absorbs and removes bone, allowing for the development of new bone and maintenance of bone strength.
384
osteogenic sarcoma
cancer of bone
385
osteolysis
progressive condition where bone tissue is destroyed
386
osteomalacia
condition in adults in which bones become soft and deformed because they don't have enough calcium and phosphorus
387
osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
388
osteopenia
condition in which there is a lower-than-normal bone mass or bone mineral density
389
osteotomy
incision of bone
390
osteotrophy
defective bone development
391
otalgia
ear pain
392
otitis
inflammation of ear
393
otolaryngologist
ENT doctor
394
otolith
ear stone
395
ot
ear
396
palpation
examination by touch
397
para
beside,near
398
paraplegia
paralysis of lower half of body c.f. hemiplegia - one half of body quadriplegia - all four limbs
399
partum
birth
400
path
disease
401
pathologist
doctor who views biopsy samples to make diagnosis examines dead body
402
pathology
study of disease
403
pectoralis major
"pecs" - muscles that help you move your shoulder
404
pediatrist
페다야트리스트 specialist in the care of babies
405
pediatrist
페다야트리스트 specialist in the care of babies
406
pedodontic
teeth of children
407
pedunculated
growths protrude on stalks
408
pelvic cavity
cavity within the bones of the pelvis contains the internal reproductive organs, urinary bladder 3 bones of pelivs: Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis
409
pelvic cavity organs it includes
urinary bladder ureter urethra rectum anus uterus (females)
410
pelv
pelvis (hip bones)
411
peri-
around, surround
412
pericardium
double membrane surrounding the heart holds the heart in place and helps it work properly
413
peridontist
expert in gums
414
periosteum
connective tissue that covers the surfaces of your bones c.f. peritoneum : double membrane surrounding abdominal cavity
415
peritoneal dialysis
alternative method of hemodialysis - type of dialysis which uses the peritoneum (abdominal membrane) to remove waste materials from blood - special fluid is inserted into peritoneal cavity - wastes seep into the fluid form the blood - fluid and wastes are drained It is used to remove excess fluid, correct electrolyte problems, and remove toxins in those with kidney failure
416
peritoneum
double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen c.f. periosteum: membranous tissue that covers the surfaces of your bones
417
peritonic cavity
\*peritoneum = double membrane lining abdominal wall and surrounding organs in abdomen space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs)
418
pernicious anemia
type of vitamin B12 anemia mucus membrane of stomach fails to produce substance needed for B12 absorption & formation of RBCs
419
phargyng
passage for food in mouth and air from nose
420
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
421
phlebotomy
puncture of a vein in order to withdraw blood or introduce a fluid
422
phleb
vein
423
plas
formation, growth, development
424
plasia
formation
425
platelet
piece of blood cell involved in clotting enucleated
426
plegia
paralysis
427
pleural cavity
space bewteen pleural membranes | (double membrane surrounding lungs)
428
pleural effusion
build-up of excess fluid in pleural cavity \*pleural cavity = double membrane surrounding lungs
429
pleura
double membrane surrounding lungs
430
plexus
network of nerves or vessels in the body
431
pneumon
lung
432
pneumonectomy
excision of lung tissue c. f. total pneumonectomy - excision of entire lung c. f. lobectomy - excision of a single lobe
433
pneumonia
lung is inflamed causes fluid and material to collect in air sacs of lungs
434
pneumonitis
inflammation of lung tissue
435
polydipsia
extreme thirstiness
436
polyneuropathy
simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body
437
polyuria
excessive secretion of urine
438
poster
backm behind
439
principal diagnosis
cause of patient's admission to hospital, after evaluation
440
pro
before, forward
441
prognosis
prediction made after diagnosis
442
prolapse
when 1 or more of the organs in the pelvis slip down from their normal position and bulge into the vagina
443
pronation
rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces downwards (posterior) cf. supination
444
pros
before, forward
445
prostate gland
exocrine gland located in front of the urinary bladder
446
prostatectomy
excision of prostate gland
447
proximal
proximal + bone name = towards axial skeleton
448
psych
mind
449
psychology
study of mind, mental disorders
450
psychosis
abnormal condition of mind hallucinations, delusions
451
pulmon
lung
452
quadriplegia
paralysis of all 4 limbs
453
RAAS
renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system critical regulator of blood volume and systemic vascular resistance renin causes blood vessels to constrict
454
radi
x-ray
455
radio
X-ray
456
re
back
457
ren
kidney | (neph is also kidney)
458
resection
removing organs by 'trimming' cutting back
459
retinopathy
Disease of the retina which results in impairment or loss of vision.
460
retro
behind
461
retrogastric
behind stomach pertaining to
462
retrogastric
463
retroperitoneal area
space located behind the abdominal or peritoneal cavity \*peritoneum = double membrane surrounding lines abdominal wall and surrounds organs in abdomen
464
rhabdomysarcoma
rare type of cancer that forms in skeletal muscle tissue or sometimes hollow organs such as the bladder or uterus malignant muscle tumor leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle
465
rheumatology
study of joint diseases | (rheu = watery discharge)
466
rheumato
joints filling with fluids
467
rhin
nose
468
rhinitis
inflammation of the nose
469
rhinolalia
A nasal tone in speech
470
rhinomycosis
Fungal infection of the nasal mucous membranes.
471
rhinoplasty
urgery to change the shape of the nose
472
rhinorrhea
discharge of a thin nasal mucus fluid runny nose
473
sacral region of spinal cord
4) lower back region S1 - S5
474
sagittal plane
lateral plane divides into left and right
475
salping-
fallopian tube/oviduct
476
salpingectomy
surgical procedure where one or both of a woman's fallopian tubes are removed
477
salpingitis
inflammation of the fallopian tubes, caused by bacterial infection
478
sarc
flesh
479
sarcoma
fleshy tumor cancerous tumors that grow from connective tissues (muscle, fat, bone, cartilage) malignant
480
scapul
scapula (shoulder blade)
481
sclerosis
hardening
482
scope
instrument to visually examine
483
scopy
process of visual examination
484
scotoma
a partial loss of vision or blind spot in an otherwise normal visual field.
485
section
cutting into an organ
486
septicemia
blood poisoning/infection by bacteria when they enter blood from wound septicemia is more serious bacteremia (life-threatening)
487
septic
pertaining to infection
488
serosal
outermost layer
489
serous membrane
smooth tissue membrane * line inner walls of body cavities * secrete serous fluid to allow lubrication * made up of: (1) parietal layer (outside) (2) visceral layer (inside)
490
sigmoidoscopy
visual examination of sigmoid colon
491
sinus
cavity in any organ or tissue hollow, cavity, or pocket;
492
sis
state of
493
son
sound
494
spinal disk
flexible, connective tissue between each backbone composed of cartilage
495
spleenectomy
excision of spleen
496
sternum
breast bone
497
stomatitis
inflamed and sore mouth
498
stratum
layer
499
sub
below, under
500
subcutaneous
below the skin
501
subgastric
below stomach pertaining to
502
subhepatic
under the liver
503
subserosal
mass lying under serosal (outermost) layer
504
subtotal hysterectomy
only portion of uterus removed c.f. total hysterectomy - entire uterus removed (including cervix)
505
supination
rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces forward (anterior) anatomical position cf. pronation
506
suprarenal
top part of kidney | (adrenal gland position)
507
systole
contraction of cardiac muscle
508
tachy
fast
509
tachycardia
heart rate over 100 bpm
510
tachypnea
abnormally rapid breathing.
511
thorac
chest
512
thoracentesis
procedure to remove fluid or air from around the lungs
513
thoracic cavity
chest cavity
514
thoracic region of spinal cord
2) chest region T1 - T12
515
thromb
clotting
516
thrombocyte
platelet small cell that helpds bllod clot
517
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of vein causes a blood clot to form and block one or more veins
518
thrombosis
formation of thrombus (blood clot)
519
thrombus
blood clot
520
thymoma
malignant tumor of thymus gland located in mediastenum (between lungs)
521
tomosynthesis
new type of digital x-ray mammogram which creates 2D and 3D-like pictures of the breasts.
522
tomy
process of cutting into temporary incision c.f. -stomy: permanent opening
523
tonsil
two small masses of lymphoid tissue in the throat
524
tonsil
lymph tissue in pharynx
525
tonsillectomy
surgical removal of the tonsils
526
total hysterectomy
surgical removal of uterus (including cervix) includes salpingectomy, oophorectomy total abdominal hysterectomy = removed through abdomen c.f. subtotal hysterectomy - only portion of uterus removed
527
total pneumonectomy
excision of entire lung c.f. pneumonectomy - excision of lung tissue
528
tracheitis
inflammation of trachea, bacterial infection
529
tracheostomy
hole that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe (trachea) A tracheostomy tube is placed into the hole to keep it open for breathing
530
tracheotomy
procedure performed to open trachea
531
trans
across, through
532
transdermal
through the skin
533
transgastric
across stomach pertaining to
534
transurethral
performed via the urethra
535
transverse
axial, horizontal plane divides into up and down
536
trapezius
pair of large triangular muscles extending over the back of the neck and shoulders and moving the head and shoulder blade
537
troph
development, nourishment
538
tunica
enveloping membrane, lining organs, body tissue, blood vessels
539
TURP
Transurethral resection of the prostate gland procedure removing benign growth of prostate gland
540
type 1 diabetes
lack insulin
541
type 2 diabetes
542
ultra
beyond
543
umbilical
navel/belly button
544
ungu
nail
545
uremia
buildup of toxins in your blood because kidneys fail to function
546
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
547
uria
condition of urine
548
urolithiasis
kidney stones made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys
549
urology
study of the urinary tract
550
varicose
a vein that is abnormally swollen or made larger caused by increased blood pressure in the veins
551
varix
enlarged, swollen vein
552
vascular
pertaining to blood vessels
553
vasculitis
inflammation of blood vessel
554
vasculitis
inflammation of the blood vessels
555
vasectomy
surgical removal of vas deferens
556
ventricle
hollow cavity present in: (1) heart (2) brain
557
ven
vein
558
vertebra
backbone
559
septic shock
life-threatening condition after an infection when your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level
560
epidural hematoma
mass of blood above the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meninges)
561
syndactyly
webbed or conjoined fingers or toes
562
orthopedist
정형외과 전문의 doctors dealing with musculoskeletal conditions
563
optician
안경점원 prescription of glasses, lenses, eyesight c.f. opthalmologist - doctor dealing with eyes
564
hydrocephalus
buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain
565
reflux
flow back
566
aneurism
bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches
567
narcolepsy
chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep
568
pyelonephritis
urinary tract infection where one or both kidneys become infected
569
pyloric stenosis
condition in infants that blocks food from entering the small intestine
570
Crohn's disease
type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of your digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition
571
myringotomy
procedure to create a hole in the ear drum to allow fluid that is trapped in the middle ear to drain out.
572
stapedectomy
surgery to treat hearing loss caused by otosclerosis. This condition affects your hearing by damaging your stape
573
epicardium
layer of tissue between the pericardium and the heart
574
myocardium
muscle layer of the heart
575
lateral
away from midline sagittal plane
576
577
iatrogenic
relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment. e.g. If you were to become infected because a healthcare provider didn't wash his or her hands after touching a previous patient, this would be considered an iatrogenic infection
578
relapse
reoccurrence of illness
579
post partem
after birth c.f. ante partem (before birth) post mortem (after birth)
580
remission
A period during which symptoms of disease are reduced (partial remission) or disappear (complete remission)