Chapter 2: Nutritional Assessment and Dietary Planning

Question 1

Undernutrition (Nutritional deficiency)

Answer 1

Inadequate intake of one or more nutrients and/or energy

Question 2

Nutritional Toxicity

Answer 2

Overconsumption of a nutrient resulting in dangerous toxic effects.

Question 3

Nutritional Status

Answer 3

Health of a person as it relates to how well his or her diet meets that person’s individual nutrient requirements.

Question 4

Malnutrition

Answer 4

Poor nutritional status caused by either undernutrition or overnutrition.

Question 5

Primary Malnutrition

Answer 5

Poor nutritional status caused by inadequate diet.

Question 6

Secondary Malnutrition

Answer 6

Poor nutritional status caused by factors such as illness.

Question 7

Nutritional Adequacy

Answer 7

Situation in which a person consumes the required amount of a nutrient to meet physiological needs.

Question 8

Anthropometric Measurements

Answer 8

Measurements or estimates of physical aspects of the body such as height, weight, circumferences, and body composition.

Question 9

4 ways nutritional status can be assessed

Answer 9

1). Anthhropometric measurements 2). biochemical measurements 3). Clinical assessment 4). dietary assessment

Question 10

ABCDE

Answer 10

anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, detary, economic

Question 11

Body Composition

Answer 11

Components of the body such as fat, lean mass (muscle), water and minerals.

Question 12

Biochemical Measurement

Answer 12

Laboratory analysis of biological samples, such as blood and urine, used in nutritional assessment.

Question 13

Biological Marker (Biomarker)

Answer 13

Measurement in a biological sample, such as blood or urine, that reflects a nutrient’t function.

Question 14

Dietary Assessment

Answer 14

Evaluation of a person’s dietary intake

Question 15

Retrospective Dietary Assessment

Answer 15

Assesses previously consumed foods and beverages.

Question 16

Prospective Dietary Assessment

Answer 16

Evaluates adequacy of foods and beverages intake.

Question 17

Food Frequency Questionare

Answer 17

Retrospective dietary assessment method that assesses food selection patterns over an extended period of time.

Question 18

Diet Record

Answer 18

Prospective dietary assessment method that requires the individual to write down detailed information about foods and drinks consumed over a specific period of time.

Question 19

Food Composition Table

Answer 19

Tabulated information concerning the nutrient and energy contents of food.

Question 20

Computerized Nutrient Database

Answer 20

Software that provides information concerning the nutrient and energy contents of foods.

Question 21

Dietary Refrence Intakes (DRI’s)

Answer 21

Set of 4 types of nutrient intake reference standards used to assess and plan dietary intake; these include the estimated average requirements (EARs), recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), adequate intake levels (AIs), and the tolerable upper intake levels. (ULs)

Question 22

EAR

Answer 22

Used to examine likelihood that intake is adequate in a population; Amount of a nutrient that meets the physiological requirements of half the healthy population of similar individuals.

Question 23

AL

Answer 23

Used to examine the likelihood that intake is adequate when no RDA is set for a nutrient; Nutrient intake of healthy populations that appears to support adequate nutritional status; established when RDAs cannot be determined.

Question 24

UL

Answer 24

Used to examine likelihood of excess or toxicity; Highest level of chronic intake of a nutrient thought to be not detrimental to health.

Question 25

RDA

Answer 25

Used as a goal to help ensure adequate intake in an individual; Average intake of a nutrient thought to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97%) healthy people in a specified life stage and sex.

Question 26

Nutrient Requirement

Answer 26

Lowest intake level of a nutrient that supports basic physiological functions and promotes optimal health.

Question 27

Estimated Energy Requirement

Answer 27

Average energy intake required to mantain energy balance in healthy individuals based on sex, age, physical activity level, weight and height.

Question 28

EERmale=

Answer 28

662- [9.53 x age (y)] + PA x [15.91 x wt(kg) + 539.6 x ht (m)]

Question 29

EERfemale=

Answer 29

354-[6.91 x age (y)] + PA x [9.36 x wt(kg) +726 x ht(m)]

Question 30

4 Categories of Physical Activity

Answer 30

1). Sedentary 1.00 2). Low Active M:1.11 F:1.12 3). Active M:1.25 F:1.27 4). Very Active M:1.48 F:1.45

Question 31

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)

Answer 31

Recommendations concerning the distribution or percentage of energy from each of the macronutrient groups.

Question 32

Nutrient Density

Answer 32

Relative ratio of nutrients in a food in comparison to total calories.