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transitions in mental health exam 1 > chapter 2: neurobiological and psychopharmalogical theories > Flashcards

chapter 2: neurobiological and psychopharmalogical theories Flashcards

1
Q

the gene ______ may be a factor in late-onset Alzheimers

A

SORLI

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2
Q

_________ studies compare rates of certain mental illnesses or traits in identical twins and fraternal twins.

A

twin

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3
Q

_______ studies are used to determine a trait among biological vs adoptive family members

A

adoption

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4
Q

_______ studies compare whether a trait is more common in first degree relatives than among more distant relatives or the general population

A

family

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5
Q

_________ examines the effect of psychosocial stressors on the body’s immune system

A

psychoimmunology

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6
Q

______ is the maximal therapeutic effect a drug can achieve

A

efficacy

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7
Q

the time a drug needs to leave the body completely after discontinuing is about ______ its half life

A

5 times

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8
Q

first generation antipsychotics are potent blockers of ___, ____, and ____

A

D2
D3
D4

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9
Q

_____ ______ antipsychotics are potent blockers of D2, D3, and D4

A

first generation

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10
Q

_______ effects of antipsychotics are due to blocking of D2 receptors

A

extrapyramidal

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11
Q

_________ has the potential to cause post injection delirium/sedation syndrome

A

zyprexa relprevv

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12
Q

zyprexa relprevv has the potential to cause

A

postinjection delirium/sedation syndrome

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13
Q

_____ _____ antipsychotics inhibit the reuptake of seratonin

A

second generation

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14
Q

second generation antipsychotics inhibit the reuptake of seratonin, increasing their effectiveness in the _______ aspect of ________

A

depressive
schizophrenia

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15
Q

third generation antipsychotics stabilize ______ output

A

dopamine

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16
Q

3 extrapyramidal symptoms

A

-acute dystonia
-pseudoparkinsonism
-akathisia

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17
Q

extrapyramidal symptoms can be treated with what type of med

A

anticholinergic

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18
Q

increased levels of _______ ________ seen with neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

creatine phosokinase

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19
Q

akathisia can be treated with a _____-_____, ___________, or a _________

A

-beta blocker
-anticholinergic
-benzo

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20
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome most often occurs in first ____ weeks of therapy, or after an _______ ____ ______

A

-2
-increase in dosage

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21
Q

_______ _______ can be caused by long term use of conventional antipsychotic drugs

A

tardive dyskinesia

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22
Q

is tardive dyskinesia reversible?

A

no

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23
Q

antipsychotics increase blood _______ level

A

prolactin

24
Q

weight gain more likely with _____ _____ antipsychotics

A

second generation

25
Q

______ _____ more likely with 2nd generation antipsychotics

A

weight gain

26
Q

what are these symptoms of?

-fever
-malaise
-ulcerative sore throat
-leukopenia

A

agranulocytosis

27
Q

_______ has the potentially fatal side effect of agranulocytosis

A

clozapine

28
Q

pts taking clozapine must have weekly ______ drawn for the first ___ months

A

-WBCs
-6

29
Q

after clozapine is discontinued, weekly monitoring of the _____ and _____ is required for ___ weeks

A

-WBCs and ANC
-4 weeks

30
Q

if a pt forgets a dose of antipsychotic meds, he or she can take the missed dose if it is only how late?

A

3-4 hours

31
Q

antidepressants slowly interact with _____ and ______

A

norepinephrine
seratonin

32
Q

______ are potentially lethal in overdose

A

MAOIS

33
Q

MAOIS can cause hypertensive crisis if pt eats food containing ______

A

tyramine

34
Q

_____ can cause hypertensive crisis if pt eats food containing tyramine

A

MAOIS

35
Q

SSRIs may take _____ to _____ weeks to become effective

A

2-3

36
Q

cyclic compounds may take ____to _____ weeks to be effective

A

4-6

37
Q

MAOIs need ____to ____ weeks for effectiveness

A

2-4

38
Q

________ interfere with enzyme metabolism

A

MAOIs

39
Q

________ antidepressants block cholinergic receptors

A

cyclic

40
Q

cyclic antidepressants block _____ receptors

A

cholinergic

41
Q

these symptoms are caused by what effects?

dry mouth
constipation
urinary hesitancy or retention
dry nasal passages
blurred near vision

A

anticholinergic

42
Q

________ and _____ commonly cause headaches

A

trazadone
nefazodone

43
Q

________ can cause seizures at 4x the rate of that of other antidepressants

A

bupropin

44
Q

if SSRI dose is missed, it can be taken up to ______ hours after missed dose

A

8

45
Q

_______ produces its effect intracellulary

A

lithium

46
Q

_______ is the first line agent in treatment of bipolar

A

lithium

47
Q

___________ ________ can result from taking an MAOI and an SSRI at the same time

A

seratonin syndrome

48
Q

seratonin syndrome can result from taking an _____ and a ___ at the same time

A

MAOI
SSRI

49
Q

what is the snowball effect when minor seizure activity builds up into more frequent and severe seizures?

A

kindling process

50
Q

disturbances in _____ system have been implicated in the poorly controlled emotions and impulses seen with psychotic or manic behavior

A

limbic

51
Q

excessive amounts of ________ have been indicated in several anxiety disorders

A

norepinephrine

52
Q

some pts w ______ have been shown to have enlarged ventricles on CT

A

schizophrenia

53
Q

some pts with schizophrenia have been shown to have _____ _____ on CT

A

enlarged ventricles

54
Q

MRIs show that pts with schizophrenia have as much as 7% reduction in _______ ______

A

cortical thickness

55
Q

can edema be seen on an MRI?

A

yes

56
Q

_________ is used for aversion therapy for alcoholism

A

disulfiram

transitions in mental health exam 1 (8 decks)

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