Chapter 2 NECROSIS: Irreversible Injury Flashcards
Refers to the rapid death of a limited portion of an organism and is considered to be the final stage in irreversible degeneration.
Necrosis
Term used for the entire process of degeneration and death of cells.
Necrobiosis
The tissue was dead prior to the time of removal from the live body or prior to the time of the animal’s or human’s death.
Necrosis
Morphological type of necrosis and suggests a semi-solid or fluid mass that has been present for some time undergoing self-digestion.
implies the rapid enzymatic lysis of dead
cells.
Four types of nuclear changes that may occur:
1.Pyknosis – condensed nucleus
2.Karyorrhexis–shattered nucleus
3.Karyolysis – dissolving nucleus
4.Absence of the nucleus - after dissolution
leaving a hollow, ghost appearance.
The gross indications of necrosis are:
- loss of color or paleness of the tissue
- loss of strength of the tissue as it softens
- a definite zone of demarcation between necrotic and viable tissue
- the location or pattern of the lesion.
death of cells following irreversible cell injury. It is the outcome of irreversible cellular degeneration.
Necrosis
Owing to lysosomal
disruption
Lysis of the cytoplasm
refers to severely eosinophilic or reddish cytoplasm
Adicophilia of the cytoplasm
an area of necrosis in which the gross and microscopic architecture of the tissue and some of the cells are recognizable. This condition may result from acute
deprivation of blood supply.
Coagulative or Coagulation Necrosis
Distinctive type of necrosis and occurs in the abdominal cavity or under the skin. On cut surface, there are had white gritty lumps.
Fat Necrosis
Is manifested by loss of recognizable architecture and will contain combinations of much dark nuclear debris and amorphous eosinophilic cytoplasmic debris, perhaps mixed with components of blood clots, hemorrhage, thrombi and calcification.
Caseous or Caseation Necrosis
seen in pancreatitis
Fat necrosis
Implies “curdle or cheesy” as in tuberculous lesions.
Caseous or Caseation Necrosis
characterized by the presence of friable, cheesy, amorphous material in necrotic area. This term is usually reserved for tuberculous lesions.
Caseous or Caseation Necrosis
and in adult cow, can cause death due to necrosis and hardening of intestines (lipomatosis).
Fat necrosis
The requirement for GANGRENE is?
necrosis plus putrefaction
Occurs when saprophytic
bacteria grow in necrotic tissue.
Gangrene or Gangrenous Necrosis
This occurs in necrotized portion of the skin with moisture loss due to evaporation and drainage and presence of saprophytic bacteria. Extremities such as the tail, ears or limbs are the usual location.
Dry gangrene
Two types of gangrene
Dry gangrene and
Wet gangrene
Color is usually black, with gas bubbles and may have much hemorrhage and edema in and around the lesion.
Wet gangrene
A type of coagulative necrosis in striated muscles characterized by loss of striations following necrosis.
Zenker’s Necrosis (Zenker’s degeneration)