Chapter 2- Microscopy Flashcards
Use visible light to illuminate specimens
Light microscope
Total magnification=
Objective x ocular
The ability to distinguish two close objects as separate
Resolution
Resolution is determined by blank and blank
Wavelength of light and lenses used
A blank wavelength will result in better resolution
Shorter
Type of microscope we use in lab
Bright-field microcope
Distance between the front surface of the lens and the specimen
Working distance
Photos taken with Bright-field microscopes
Photomicrographs
Produce a bright image of object against a dark background
Dark-field microscope
Used to observe living cells
Phase-contrast microscope
Creates image by detecting differences within a species
Differential Interference Contrast Microscope
Exposes specimens to ultraviolet, violet, or blue light
Fluorescence Microscope
Blank are a type of unstained preparation
Wet mounts
Blank and blank are types of stained preparations
Vital stains and fixed and stained slides
Dye is added to wet mount to stain living organisms
Vital stains
Kills microorganisms and adheres them to slides
Fixation
Two types of fixation
Heat and chemical
Any distortion in microorganism due to technique
Artifact
Coloring ion
Chromophore
Chromophore cation is used for
Basic dyes
Chromophore anion is used for
Acidic dyes
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Used to stain mycobacterium
Acid-fast staining
Differential stain used to stain the endospore one color and vegetative cell another color
Endospore staining
Electron Microscopy light=blank, lenses=blank, image=blank, stains=blank
electron beam, magnets, computer, metals
Blank microscopy allows for the greatest detail to be viewed because blank
Electron, shortest wavelength of light
Heavy metals do not penetrate specimen but stain the background
Negative stain
Coating specimen with thin layer of heavy metal on one side
Shadowing
Freeze specimen then fracture along lines of greatest weakness, reduces blank
Freeze-etching, artifacts
Used to view atoms on the surface of a solid object
Scanning tunneling micrscope
Sharp probe moves over specimen at a constant distance
Atomic force microscope
Adding microorganisms to culture media
Inoculation
Anything done to minimize contamination
Asceptic tecniques
