Chapter 2 matter. Flashcards
Mass
The Amount of matter contained within an object
Properties
The qualities of a thing, specially those qualities common to a group of things
Extensive properties
Qualities that are or depend on the amount of the substance. (Ex flexibility of a metal sheet, depend on thickness)
Intensive property
Qualities that do not depend on the amount of the substance (ex. Melting point)
Physical property
One that describes something that is physical about a substance ex. Melting point, boiling point.
Chemical property
one that describes a chemical property or the tendency of a chemical to react (ex flammability, stability)
Kinetic energy:
Any form of energy that can not be stored
Mechanical energy
A type of kinetic energy that all particles possess because of their continuous motion.
Thermal energy
The total mechanical energy of an objects or a material’s particles.
Temperature
The average mechanical energy of the particles that compose a material
Heat.
The energy transferred from one body to another because of a difference in temperature.
Operational definition
Observable characteristics that help us to classify whether something belongs in a specific group or not.
Conceptual definition
Explain what the operational definition describes
Melting point
The temperature of its solid as it changes into a liquid.
Vapour
The gas that forms above substance when it is boiled.
Organic compound
Any compound that contains both carbon and hydrogen
Binary compounds
A compound composed only of 2 elements,
Acid
Any compound containing a hydrogen bonded to an anion
Base
Any compound containing a hydroxide ion
Salt
Any ionic compound other than a hydroxide
Solute
The things that has been dissolved in the solution
Solvent
What the solute is dissolved in.
Tyndall effect
The effect where a colloid can scatter and reflect a beam of light.
Buoyancy
The upward force exerted By a medium
Decanting
Carefully pouring off the liquid and leaving the sediment
Inertia
The resistance to change of motion
Chromatography
Separates the substance by having a flowing liquid or gas Carry the substances at different rates through the stationary phase
Capillary action
The tendency of a liquid to be sucked into a small opening in a tube.
Formula for rf
Distance of substance/distance of solvent
Distillation
Any process that separates a mixture by using different vapor pressures or boiling points.
Fractional distillation
The act of repeating distillation many times within one device
Froth flotation
Adding a chemical to the mixture to have it bond with the substance you want and bring it to the surface.
Matter
Anything that has space and takes up mass
A town builds a bridge, but this bridge can only hold three people at a time or it will collapse. One night, a baker, a flourist and a butcher go on the bridge, and it collapses. Why did it collapse?
One night , as in a “knight” , goes on the bridge with the other three people, therefore four people go on the bridge making it collapse. (Evil pun😜)
