Chapter 2: Levers and Planes Flashcards
What is a Fulcrum?
The part of the lever system that pivots; and joints are the fulcrums in the body’s lever systems.
What is resistance?
The load is to be moved by the lever system. Usually, this involves weight when the body’s lever systems are involved.
What is effort?
The force applied to more the resistance or weight. in the body, the effort is the muscles exerting a force.
What is the first class lever?
Found at the elbow joint, where the triceps causes extension o the lower arm.
What is the second class lever?
Found at the ankle, where the gastrocnemius causes plantar flexion.
What is the third class lever?
The majority of the body’s joints are third-class levers, for example, the bicep, acting at the elbow to cause flexion.
What is the acronyms you can use for levers?
123 FLE TGB
123 stands for the lever system
FLE tells us what is in the middle of each lever
TGB tells us what muscle is used for each lever system.
What is mechanical advantage?
The benefit of a lever system of having either a short effort arm, giving rapid movements over a large range of movement, - or a short resistance arm, giving the advantage of moving heavy weight.
What is the equation for mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage = effort arm / resistance arm.
If the load arm is longer than the effort arm, would it have a high or low mechanical advantage? Which lever would it be?
Low mechanical advantage
3rd lever
If the effort arm is longer than the load arm, would it have a high or low mechanical advantage? Which lever would it be?
High mechanical advantage
second lever.
What is the agonist?
The prime mover - the muscle that causes movement
What is the antagonist?
The muscle that relaxes to allow the agonist to contract.
What is an isotonic contraction?
What is an isometric contraction?
