chapter 2 lesson 3 indus valley Flashcards
a dialect is:
varieties of languages
India’s core regions include:
mountain ranges, river valleys, a dryer interior plateau and fertile coastal plains
directly south of the Himalaya is the ________ river, which is one of the chief regions of the Indian culture
Ganges
a relatively dry plateau forms the backbone of the modern state of _________
Pakistan
In ancient times, the Indus Valley had a more moderate ______ and served as the ___________
climate, cradle of Indian Civilazation.
India’s two major river valleys are the _______ and ________
Ganges, Indus
The __________ extends from the Ganges Valley to the southern tip of India
Deccan Plateau
The _________ us the primary feature of India’s climate
monsoon
what is a monsoon?
a seasonal wind pattern in souther Asia that blows warm moist air from the southwest during the summer, bringing heavy rains, and cold, dry air from the northwest during the winter
the wettest place on earth is in the mountains of ________
Northeast India
the region most affected by the monsoon is
West coast near Mumbia
Civilization emerged in the Indus River Valley between ________
3000 BC and 1500 BC
the Indus River reaches from ________ to _________
Himalaya to Arabian Sea
the two major cities of the Indus River Valley were _________ and __________
Harappa and Mohenjo Daro
Harappa had ___________ inhaitants
35,000
Mohenjo Daro had about ________ inhabitants
35,000 - 40,000
Describe the design of both of the cities:
they were carefully planned. The broad main streets ran in a north south direction crossed by smaller east west roads
Harappan rulers based their power on __________
belief in divine assistance
In Harapa, the royal palace and the holy temple were located in the ________, otherwise known as a __________
citadel, fortress
Harappan economy was based on ________ and consisted of ______, __________, and _________.
trade, wheat, barley and peas
The harappan’s traded ________ with the _______in exchange for Harappan ______, __________, __________, ________ and __________________
food and textiles, Sumerians, copper, lumber precious stones, cotton and various luxury goods
One possible reason for the end of the Indus Valley civilization was:
Climate change
around _______ there was a ____________, which many historians explain as the result of _____________
1500 BC, major shift in India’s culture, foreign migration
around 2000 bc a group of Indo- Europeans known as ________ moved south across the Hindu Kush mountain range into the plains of northern India
Aryans
the ________ lived in _________ and had a ____________
Aryans, tribal groups, strong warrior tradition
From around 1500 BC to 1000 BC the ________ peoples:
Aryan, gradually advanced eastward from the indus valley, across the fertile plain of the Ganges and later southward to the Duncan Plateau.
The ____________were decendants of the Indus Valley People
Dravidians
When the ________and ________ interacted with each other, it resulted in a ______ ___________
Aryans and Dravidians, new culture
The Aryans gave up their _______ for ________
nomadic life style, farming
_______ was introduced from ______________ and played a role in this change.
Iron, Southwest Asia
Farmers were able to clear the dense jungle growth along the Ganges River but using __________ and ________________
Iron and ?
In the north, ______, _________ and _________ were grown, while in the south __________, and ________ were supplemented by _______ and__________. Along the river valleys _______ was most common
wheat, barley, and millet
grain, vegetables
rice
Aryans had no ____________
Written languages
around _________ BC, Aryans started to write in __________ and ___________ language. They used this writing to record __________ and _____________
1000, sanskrit, Indo-European , the legends and religious rituals
The ________ are early writing that date between _______ and _____ and reveal that India was a world of
Vedas, 1500 BC and 400 BC many small kingdoms
In the 4th century BC a leader established a ___________
large Indian state
_________ was the most basic unit of ancient Indian society, and the ideal was for ________ generations to live under the same roof
family, three
The family was ___________because the __________ held ______ over the entire family unit
basically patriarchal, oldest male, legal authority
male superiority was evident in the following 5 ways:
- only males could inherit property, except in cases were there were no sons 2. woman could not serve as priests, 3. Generally only males were educated
- Men were taught by teacher and guru 5) husbands can divorce wife if she cant have children
__________ were an important product of marriage because they were expected to ________________
children, take care of their parents as they grew older
___________ commonly arranged marriage for their ________ and supplied her with a ________
Parents, young girls, dowry
__________ is the most vivid symbol of men’s dominance. It was a _______ in which the ________ was required to ___________ on her dead husband’s funeral pyre
Suttee, ritual, wife , throw herself
modern India has about _________languages and _______dialects.
110, 1000
———, otherwise known as ——–, carved out small ——–
Rajas, princes, states
