Chapter 2 Lecture Notes

Question 1

Data collected by the government and its official agencies (FBI, Department of Justice)

Answer 1

Official data

Question 2

nongovernment date usually collected by private or independent agencies and researchers (Colleges)

Answer 2

Unofficial Data

Question 3

What type of report gives us: 
# of crimes
crime rate
% Change
Crime rate by region
Correlations of Crime (Age, Gender, Race)
Arrest rates

Answer 3

UCR (Uniform Crime Reports)

Question 4

What type of report gives us:
# of crimes reported by citizens to local police
# of arrests made by law enforcement

Answer 4

Annual Report

Question 5

Researchers who study cause of crime and the way that the criminal justice system operates

Answer 5

Criminologists

Question 6

1 reason criminal behavior happens

Answer 6

Poverty & inequality

Question 7

Assumes all humans including humans are “rational” beings. People choose to commit crime after weighing the potential benefits & consequences for their actions.

Answer 7

Rational Choice theory

Question 8

Creator of Rational Choice Theory

Answer 8

Cesare Beccaria (1764)

Question 9

A crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties

Answer 9

General Deterrence

Question 10

Punishment severe enough to convince offends never to repeat their criminal activity

Answer 10

Specific Deterrence

Question 11

Links physical traits with tendencies toward violence, aggression, and other antisocial behavior

Answer 11

Positivism

Question 12

Father of Criminology

Answer 12

Cesare Lembroso

Question 13

Born Criminal

Answer 13

Bad Seed Theory