Chapter 2- Ionic Bonding

Question 1

What’s ionic bonding

Answer 1

Ionic bonding is the attraction between oppositely charged ions in a ionic compound

Question 2

Electrons rule!

Answer 2

Electrons don’t like to have empty shells, they prefer filled shells.

Question 3

Remember

Answer 3

Opposites attract

Question 4

Sodium chloride

Answer 4

A sodium atom has a electronic configuration of 2,8,1 .

When it meets with a chlorine atom (electronic configuration of 2,8,7) the single outer electron of the sodium atom is given to the outer shell of the chlorine atom.

Sodium now has only 10 electrons 2,8) but it still has 11 protons in it’s nucleus so it still has the charge of +

Question 5

Sodium chloride continuation

Answer 5

The sodium atom is written as ‘NA’, the sodium ion is NA+

Question 6

Chlorine

Answer 6

Chlorine now has 18 electrons (2,8,8) but it still has 17 protons in its nucleus so it has a negative charge (-)

Question 7

Chlorine atom

Answer 7

The chlorine atom is written as CL but the chlorine ion is written as ‘CL-)

Question 8

Magnesium oxide

Answer 8

Only one magnesium oxide atom is required for each oxygen atom when magnesium oxide forms. As each magnesium atom loses two electrons and each oxygen atom gains two electrons.

Question 9

Magnesium ion

Answer 9

A magnesium ion is mg2+ as it has 10 electrons (2,8) but 12 protons (atomic no. = 12)

Question 10

Types of bonding

Answer 10

Atoms can join together by:
Covalent bonding- sharing pairs of electrons
Ionic bonding - giving and taking electrons

Question 11

Covalent bonding

Answer 11

Involves the sharing of pairs of electrons. The attraction between shared pairs of electrons holds the atoms together.

Question 12

Ionic bonding further on definition

Answer 12

Involves the transfer of electrons in the outermost shell of atoms. This forms ions with opposite charges which then attract each other, ions are atoms or groups of atoms with a charge.