Chapter 2 - Influences on Self -Esteem Flashcards
What is Peer Pressure?
The social pressure we experience to conform with the expectations of our peer groups
4 Types of Peer pressure?
- Direct
- Positive
- Indirect
- Negative
What is direct peer pressure?
Someone pressurizes you directly, what to say or do or how to behave. Friend asking you to vape
What is positive peer pressure?
Positive influences, a fantastic source of support. Fun and meaningful friendship, lead to positive self-esteem
Can be direct or indirect
What is indirect peer pressure?
Unspoken often subtle. But person pressured is very aware that they need to conform
What is negative peer pressure?
Leads us to behave out of character, behaviour we may regret later
How to handle negative peer pressure?
Pay attention to your own feelings - what is right and wrong
Choose friend with similar values to you
Speak to a trusted adult
What is social comparison?
Comparing ourselves to others
It can be healthy and unhealthy
Two forms of social comparison?
Upwards
Downwards
What is upward social comparison?
Comparing ourselves to those we view as better than us
What is downward social comparison?
Comparing ourselves to those we view as inferior
What is culture?
The beliefs, social norms & behaviour that we follow in society based on our cultural background
What is cultural identity?
Our cultural values guide our behaviour, thoughts and sense of identity
Celebrity culture
What is posted may be unrealistic
Post their best
Not a true reflection
Me-orientated, Selfie society
What is bullying?
Is a form of negative peer pressure, negative physical or verbal actions that intentionally harm, intimidate or coerce someone, and are repeated over time
Different forms of bullying?
- Physical
- Verbal
- Emotional/Social
- Cyber
- Prejudicial
What is Physical bullying?
Negative physical acts such as hitting, kicking, punching or destroying property
What is Verbal bullying?
Name-calling, teasing, aggressive language, making fun of people
What is Emotional/social bullying?
Spreading rumours, being left out of social groups, pressure to do something you do not want to
What is Cyber-bullying?
Use of technology (often social media) to harass or intimidate someone
What is Prejudicial bullying?
Prejudices based on race, religion or sexual orientation
What is overt bullying?
Easily identified
What is Covert Bullying?
Not always easily identified
What is a code of secrecy?
Keeping quite about the bullying
What is banter?
Playful teasing or joking between friends and is typically an equal and fun exchange
How to stop your banter from becoming bullying?
- Know your boundaries: don’t pick on someone’s appearance, race, sexuality or disability
- Do not laugh if it is not funny: if you are at the center of a joke, let them know it is hurtful
- Do not pick on any insecurity: you know your friends and their insecurities - do not go there
- Saying “It’s just banter” after saying something hurtful does not make it ok
What are the targets and effects of bullying?
- Playing on insecurity
- Self-criticism
- Trying to Change
- Long term effects
What is a bystander?
A person who stands by and watches bullying, allowing it to happen
What is a upstander?
Someone who steps out from the crowd and speaks up, or acts in a way to support someone being bullied
Why do people bully others?
- They have been bullied
- Aggressive behaviour
- Relationships
- Difficult home life
- Stress & trauma
- Social Reinforcement
- Power & control
- Low Self-esteem
- Insecurity & immaturity
