Chapter 2: Hormones and behaviour

Question 1

endocrine glands

Answer 1

Consists of: adrenal glands, hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas testes and ovaries. Responsible for the release of hormones into the bloodstream. The endocrine glands make up the endocrine system.

Question 2

Target cells

Answer 2

cells that have receptors for a particular hormone.

Question 3

Gene activation or gene suppression

Answer 3

when a hormone binds to a receptor it launches a sequence of changes some of which are genomic

Question 4

Romero et al (2014)

Answer 4

A: Oxycontin’s role in promoting social bonds in mamals in non-reproductive contexts.

M: Repeated measures, double blind, counterbalanced design

P: 16 dogs sprayed intra-nasally with oxytocin or placebo. Dog placed with their owner and another dog in the same, empty, room. Owner moved every 10 minutes and behaviour recorded.

R:

Question 5

Kosfeld et al (2005)

Answer 5

A:

Question 6

Scheele et al (2012)

Answer 6

A:

Question 7

De Dreu et al (2011)

Answer 7

A: Studied whether oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrism, a type of intergroup bias where one’s own ethnic group is perceived as more important than or superior to others.
M: repeated measures design. Used trolley problem.
P: sampled indigenous Dutch male participants. Participants then self-administered oxytocin or a placebo nasally. Afterwards, participants were shown images of people belonging to their in-group (Dutch males) or an outgroup (Middle Easterners/Germans). Finally, used moral choice dilemma tasks such as the trolley dilemma.
R: under oxytocin males were more likely to sacrifice an outgroup target than an ingroup target, while under the placebo there was no difference.
C: This suggests that oxytocin promotes ingroup favoritism.
E: Correlational. Oxytocin has not usually been associated with this behavior.

Question 8

De Dreu et al (2012)

Answer 8

A: