Chapter 2: History of Social Welfare & Evolution Flashcards
How did Welfare start?
- In Europe during the time of feudalism
- Wealthy landowners parceled off land to peasants.
- Worked off the caste system (surfs)
What was the 1st social welfare in society?
The Catholic Church, through monasteries, churches, food pantries, and shelters.
How did the Catholic Church administer the welfare?
Through Bishops through mandatory taxes.
What were the Laws of 14th-16th century England?
The Poor Laws
Tudor Poor Laws
Responsibility placed on the local level to care for the poor
Elizabethan Poor Laws
Able bodied poor –> Low grade employment was provided, Charity was forbidden, those who refused to work were put in jail
Impotent Poor –> Blind, deaf, elderly, mothers w/ young children
What was expected of Dependent Children?
- Trades were taught
- Apprenticed to other citizens
Protestant Work Ethic
- Individualism
- Hard work, Self ambition
- Poverty viewed as a moral failure
Laissez-Faire economic view
The economy and society benefitted when businesses can do whatever they need to make a profit. (Free market, deregulated capitalism)
Social Darwinsism
Survival of the fittest
The rich survive because they are superior to the poor; if the poor died, it would be better for society.
This theory is opposed to government intervention because it interfers w/ the natural order.
Calvinsim
A doctrine that says God looks favorably upon those who
–> Work hard,
–> Have ambition,
–> Good moral conduct
1607-1775 Poor relief (Colonial America)
Mutual Kindness
Family Support
Distant support from England
1776-1920 (Government Implemented Welfare Programs)
Free land grants for white citizens
Pensions for widows
Aid to disabled veterans
Dynamic sociology
Against Darwinism saying we have the responsibility to provide social welfare and helping the weak actually makes our society stronger
What was created during the Great Depression?
Social Security act of 1935.
Public Assistance
Must undergo “means test”
Aid to the blind, disabled, old age assistance
Social Insurance
Unemployment, retirement, death insurance
What are values?
Families
Freedom
Wealth
Equality
Abstract philosophical principles
Your inner voice/north star
Personal
What are ethics?
Moral Principles
Right/Wrong
Utilitarianism
- Maximize most good for greatest number/minimize suffering for greatest number of people
- Professional Guidelines
What is Law
Legal limitations
Concrete rules that must be followed to remain employable or keep your job in Health Services
APA (American Psychological association) professional values
Fidelity
Responsibility
Justice
Do no harm/Do good
Universal Moral Principles
Correctness of action across all contexts and nuances
Relative Moral Principles
Contextual
Based on circumstance
Religion
Culture
Historical time period
Lawrence Kohlberg Moral Reasoning
Moral Dilemmas
Pre-conventional moral development
How does this affect me?
Conventional moral development
What is the law/Categorical/black and white rules
Post-conventional Moral development
Abstract/universal principles/what is best for humanity
Ethical Codes
Self determination
HIPPA
Mandated reporting/informed consent
Dual relationship
Kitchener’s Ethical Decision making Model
- Autonomy
- Beneficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Justice
- Fidelity
Limits to Confidentiality
If the client poses a threat to themselves or others
Child/elder abuse
HIPPA
Health insurance portability and accountability act
Privacy, security, autonomy for the client
