Chapter 2: Global Aging and Older Immigrants in the United States

Question 1

T or F: “old” is a relative term

Answer 1

true

Question 2

It feels like time is moving _____ as we get older

Answer 2

faster

Question 3

“Old” can be relative to…

Answer 3

• you
• common era
• profession
• social roles

Question 4

Characteristics of cross-sectional study

Answer 4

• one point in time
• different samples
• between subjects
• delivers snapshot in given point in time

Question 5

Characteristics of longitudinal study

Answer 5

• multiple points in time
• same sample
• within subjects
• provides details of changes overtime

Question 6

Limitations of longitudinal studies

Answer 6

• expensive
• can lose track of people over time
• subject attrition

Question 7

Types of sequential designs

Answer 7

• time
• cohort
• cross (most accurate)

Question 8

About how long is a generation?

Answer 8

15 years (+/- 3 years)

Question 9

Lost generation

Answer 9

• 1883-1900
• displaced because if WWI

Question 10

Greatest generation

Answer 10

• 1901-1927
• survived great depression and fought WWII

Question 11

Silent generation

Answer 11

• 1928-1945
• born during depression and established civil rights movement
• *less of them due to decreased birth rate during depression and WWII

Question 12

Baby boomers

Answer 12

• 1946-1964
• economy was prosperous, so had lots of kids

Question 13

Generation X

Answer 13

• 1965-1980
• decrease in population due to women entering the workforce late 60s-70s

Question 14

Generation Y/millenials

Answer 14

• 1981-1996
• first generation with internet and the great recession

Question 15

Generation Z/zoomers

Answer 15

• 1997-2012
• technology, sedentary lifestyle

Question 16

Generation alpha

Answer 16

• early 2010s-mid 2020s
• idk tiktok?

Question 17

Define global aging

Answer 17

the phenomenon if increases in proportion and numbers of elders in developed and developing countries

Question 18

2 factors that contribute to larger world population

Answer 18

1) declining death rates in developed countries
2) high birth rates in developing countries

Question 19

The median age and proportion of older people are…

Answer 19

increasing

Question 20

Factors that affect life expectancy

Answer 20

• better public health practices
• advances in medical technology
• availability of medicines to treat certain diseases

Question 21

According to the textbook, which country has the highest life expectancy at birth as of 2012?

Answer 21

Japan

Question 22

The greatest population growth will be among people in their…

Answer 22

40s, 50s, 60s

Question 23

Define demographic divide

Answer 23

dichotomy between the needs of young and old in countries where both age groups need some assistance

Question 24

How will a high birthrate affect the country’s median age?

Answer 24

it will help it from rising quickly

Question 25

There is no international standard for classifying someone as "old", but the UN tends to use age ___

Answer 25

60 (tied to pension and retirement criteria)

Question 26

Currently, ___ % of older adults live in developing countries

Answer 26

60

Question 27

What will happen to older adults as a result of diminished retirement investments and to reduce economic burden?

Answer 27

many will have to work past age 65

Question 28

T or F: chronological age is the same as biological age

Answer 28

false

Question 29

What has made it attractive for workers to retire in their 50s and early 60s?

Answer 29

state pension plans and early retirement incentives

Question 30

As a result of declining younger populations and retirement of middle-aged workers, companies are having what issue?

Answer 30

replacing skilled workers with new employees who have the necessary qualifications

Question 31

Many developed countries are implementing incentives for (and removing barriers against)...

Answer 31

longer employment

Question 32

For EU leaders, the goal is to have ___% of employees aged 55-64 make up the workforce

Answer 32

50

Question 33

_____ countries are seen as having excellent "cradle-to-grave" social programs

Answer 33

scandinavian

Question 34

What do Scandinavian countries prioritize for elder care?

Answer 34

living in their own homes for as long as possible

Question 35

Define comparative sociocultural gerontology

Answer 35

comparing the experiences of older adults across various cultures

Question 36

Define anthropology of aging

Answer 36

the exploration and understanding of aging within and across the diversity of human cultures

Question 37

Define traditional societies

Answer 37

preindustrial and multigenerational family units, long-standing norms and values and tradition-based social culture

Question 38

Elders may be afforded more respect within _____ societies

Answer 38

traditional

Question 39

Traditional societies tend to be culturally _____

Answer 39

homogenous

Question 40

Resources that older people control in traditional societies

Answer 40

- time-honoured skills and knowledge - security bestowed by property rights - civil and political power - information control - contributions to welfare of families and society through services like child care

Question 41

Define filial piety

Answer 41

a sense of respectful obedience that has traditionally encouraged care for one's aging family members in Asian cultures

Question 42

Define modernization theory

Answer 42

advances in technology, applied sciences, urbanization and literacy, which are related o a decline in the status of older people

Question 43

Communication and scientific technology create new jobs for the _____, while _____ workers remain in traditional occupations

Answer 43

young, older

Question 44

T or F: the highest rates of urban growth are expected in the poorest parts of the world

Answer 44

true

Question 45

As societies modernize, older people lose...

Answer 45

political and social power, influence and leadership

Question 46

Modernization contributes to lower status of older adults through these societal changes:

Answer 46

- urbanization - communications technology - health technology - scientific technology - literacy and mass education

Question 47

The number of foreign immigrants has been _____

Answer 47

increasing

Question 48

_____ and _____ rates are high in immigrant elders

Answer 48

social isolation, depression

Question 49

What can exacerbate immigrant elders' difficulties in accessing Western health care?

Answer 49

language and cultural barriers

Question 50

Why may immigrant elders face barriers in receiving social security benefits?

Answer 50

they only apply to those who were employed at least 10 years

Question 51

Poverty rate in immigrant elders is _____

Answer 51

high

Question 52

Multigenerational and extended family living arrangements are _____

Answer 52

growing

Question 53

Challenges faced by older refugees:

Answer 53

- mental health issues - being forced to leave their homelands - financial self-sufficiency