Chapter 2 - Freud Flashcards
Aggressive drive
The compulsion to destroy, conquer, and kill.
Anxiety
A feeling of fear and dread without an a virus cause: reality anxiety, neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety
Reality anxiety
Fear of tangible dangers
Neurotic anxiety
Conflict between ID and EGO
Moral anxiety
Conflict between ID and SUPEREGO
Case study
A detailed history of an individual that contains data from a variety of sources
Castration anxiety
A boy’s fear during the Oedipal period that his penis will be cut off
Catharsis
The expression of emotions that is expected to lead to the reduction of disturbing symptoms
Cathexis
An investment of psychic energy in a object or person
Complex
JUNG - core pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes in the personal unconscious organized around a common theme, such as power or status
Conflict
HORNEY - basic incompatibility of the neurotic trends
Conscience
A component of the superego that contains behaviors for which the child has been punished
Death instincts
The unconscious drive towards decay, destruction, and aggression
Defense mechanisms
Strategies the ego use to defend itself against the anxiety provoked by conflicts of everyday life. Involve denials or distortions of reality
Denial
Denying the existence of an external threat or traumatic event
Displacement
Shifting ID impulses form a threatening object or from one that is unavailable to an object that is available; for example replacing hostility towards one’s boss with hostility toward one’s child
Ego
FREUD - rational aspect of the personality, responsible for directing and controlling the instincts according to the reality principle
JUNG - conscious aspect of personality
Ego-ideal
A component f the superego that contains the moral or ideal behaviors for which a person should strive
Electra complex
During phallic stage (ages 4-5), the unconscious desire of a girl for her father, accompanied by a desire to replace or destroy her mother
Fixation
A condition in which a portion of libido remains invested in one of the psychosexual stages because of excessive frustration or gratification
Free association
A technique in which the patient says whatever comes to mind - kind of daydream out loud
Id
The aspect of personality allied with instincts; the source of psychic energy, the I’d operates according to the pleasure principle
Instincts
Mental representations of internal stimuli, such as hunger, that drive a person to take certain actions
Latency period
Period from approx. age 5 to puberty, during which the sex instinct is dormant, sublimated in school activities, sports, and hobbies, and in developing friendships with members of the same sex
Libido
FREUD - form of psychic energy, manifested by the life instincts that drives a person toward pleasurable behaviors and thoughts
JUNG - broader and more generalized form of psychic energy
Life instincts
The drive for ensuring survival of the individual and the species by satisfying the needs for food, water, air, and sex
Oedipus Complex
During the phallic stage (ages 4-5) the unconscious desire of a boy for his mother, accompanied by a desire to replace or destroy his father
Penis envy
The envy the female feels toward the male because the male possesses a penis; this is accompanied by a sense of loss because the female does not have a penis
Pleasure principle
The principle by which the ID functions to avoid pain and maximize pleasure
Primary-process thought
Childlike thinking by which the ID attempts to satisfy the instinctual drives
Projection
Attributing a disturbing impulse to someone else
Psychoanalysis
Freud’s theory of personality and system of therapy for treating mental disorders
Psychosexual stages of development
Oral, anal, phallic, and gentian stages through which all children pass. In these stages, gratification of the ID instincts depend on the stimulation of corresponding areas of the body
Punishment
The application of an assertive stimulus following a response in an effort to decrease the likelihood that the response will recur
Rationalization
A defense mechanism that involves reinterpreting our behavior to make it more acceptable and less threatening to us
Reaction formation
Expressing ID impulse that is the opposite of the one that is truly driving the person
Regression
Retreating to an earlier, less frustrating period of life and displaying the usually childish behaviors characteristic of that more secure time
Repression
Unconscious denial of the existence of something that causes anxiety
Resistance
In free association, a blockage or refusal to disclose painful memories
Secondary-process thought
Mature thought processes needed to deal rationally with the external world
Sublimation
Altering or displacing ID impulses by diverting instinctual energy into socially acceptable behaviors
Subliminal perception
Perception below the threshold of conscious awareness
Superego
Moral aspect of personality; the internalization of parental and societal values and standards
Id
Aspect of personality allied with instincts; the source of psychic energy, the id operates according to the pleasure principle
