Chapter 1 - Personality

Question 1

Control Group

Answer 1

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment

Question 2

Correlational method

Answer 2

A statistical technique that measures the degree of the relationship between two variables, expressed by the correlation coefficient

Question 3

Dependent variable

Answer 3

In an experiment, the variable the experimenter desires to measure, typically the subjects’ behavior or response to manipulation of the independent variable

Question 4

Experimental group

Answer 4

In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the experimental treatment

Question 5

Historical determinism

Answer 5

The view that personality is basically fixed in the early years of life and subject to little change thereafter

Question 6

Independent variable

Answer 6

In an experiment, the stimulus variable or condition the experimenter manipulates to learn its effect on the dependent variable

Question 7

Projection

Answer 7

A defense mechanism that involves attributing a disturbing impulse to someone else

Question 8

Projective test

Answer 8

A personality assessment device in which subjects are presumed to project personal needs, feats, and values onto their interpretation or description of an ambiguous stimulus

Question 9

Reliability

Answer 9

The consistency of response to a psychological assessment device

Question 10

Self-report inventory

Answer 10

A personality assessment technique in which subjects answer questions about their behaviors and feelings

Question 11

Validity

Answer 11

The extent to which an assessment device measures what it is intended to measure