Chapter 2 - Fire Behavior, Systems and Devices, and Fire Prevention

Question 1

Fire

Answer 1

Burning or combustion which is a chemical chain reaction that includes a self-sustaining rapid oxidation of a fuel accompanied by the release of heat and light

Question 2

heat

Answer 2

energy; can be chemical, mechanical, electrical, or nuclear

Question 3

fuel

Answer 3

material being burned

Question 4

exothermic reaction

Answer 4

when heat created by a fire is transferred to other materials and begins heating them

Question 5

incipient stage

Answer 5

a form of energy transfer, usually heat, generates gas from a fuel source so the fuel is mixable with air

Question 6

ignition temperature

Answer 6

lowest temperature that will give off gases that can self ignite and sustain burning

Question 7

spontaneous combustion

Answer 7

a material is able to self heat to point of ignition

Question 8

ignition point

Answer 8

temperature at which object begins to burn

Question 9

growth stage

Answer 9

growth of a fire from point of ignition

Question 10

flashover

Answer 10

transition between growth stage and fully developed stage when all room contents reach their ignition temperatures abs become a fully developed fire

Question 11

fully developed stage

Answer 11

point at which fire is consuming maximum amount of fuel

Question 12

smoke

Answer 12

product of incomplete combustion. unburnt material. includes solids liquids gases suspended in the thermal plume

Question 13

conflagration

Answer 13

large and destructive fire that jumps natural barriers

Question 14

ventilation limited fire

Answer 14

fire in enclosed building restricted by insufficient oxygen

Question 15

flash point

Answer 15

minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form ignitable mixture at the surface and flash but insufficient to sustain combustion

Question 16

flammable liquid

Answer 16

liquid having flash point below 100 degrees F, such as gasoline

Question 17

combustible liquid

Answer 17

liquid having flash point above 100 degrees F, such as diesel

Question 18

wet chemicals

Answer 18

class K agents composed of water based solutions containing potassium in combination with other agents, usually found in fixed systems in commercial cooking areas

Question 19

standard

Answer 19

a rule for measuring or model to be followed, specifies how to do something and with which materials

Question 20

codified

Answer 20

codes arranged according to a system

Question 21

model code

Answer 21

a system of rules, guidelines, methods, and regulations developed and accepted through consensus by private not-for-profit organizations with an interest and expertise in that area and made available to governments to formally accept and put into use within their jurisdiction

Question 22

adoption

Answer 22

formally accepting a code and setting it into action

Question 23

ordinance

Answer 23

law of an authorized subdivision of a state, such as a country , city, or town

Question 24

(code) adoption by reference

Answer 24

when legislation states that a certain code and specific edition will be enforced within the jurisdiction

Question 25

(code) adoption by transcript

Answer 25

means model code is republished as an ordinance and a license must be purchased to do so

Question 26

mini-maxi code

Answer 26

code adopted as a state code that can not be locally amended

Question 27

specification code

Answer 27

code that specifies a type of construction or materials used

Question 28

performance code

Answer 28

assigns an objective to be met and establishes criteria for determining compliance

Question 29

technical code

Answer 29

regulates technical processes such as construction installation of electrical , mechanical, and plumbing systems; regulation of hazardous industrial processes; and building electrical, mechanic, plumbing and property maintenance codes

Question 30

(occupancy) Group A: Assembly

Answer 30

occupancies with large numbers of people such as restaurants, nightclubs, churches, auditoriums, arenas

Question 31

(occupancy) Group E: Education

Answer 31

occupancies including educational use for kindergarten through 12th grade and daycare for children 2.5 years and older

Question 32

exit access

Answer 32

point from anywhere in the building to an exit

Question 33

exit

Answer 33

rated assembly that provides a protected path to the exit discharge

Question 34

exit discharge

Answer 34

portion of means of egress between exterior exit door and the public way

Question 35

common fire hazard

Answer 35

conditions prevalent in most occupancies that increase chances of a fire starting

Question 36

personal fire hazard

Answer 36

common hazard caused by unsafe acts of individuals

Question 37

target fire hazard

Answer 37

property where there’s great potential for large loss of life or property

Question 38

special fire hazard

Answer 38

dangerous conditions resulting from a particular process or operation conducted in an occupancy

Question 39

initiation device

Answer 39

device that senses the presence of heat or smoke, sprinkler activation, or a triggered manual activation and sends a signal to the control panel

Question 40

fire alarm control panel (FACP)

Answer 40

receives signal from detection device then directs signal to signaling devices

Question 41

signaling device

Answer 41

indicator that provides audible, tactical, or visible outputs to provide a stimuli to alert occupants

Question 42

EVACS

Answer 42

emergency voice alarm communications system - communications system that allows different types of signals/alerts to be sent the entire building or select areas

Question 43

ionization smoke detector

Answer 43

has electrically charged air on sensing chamber, smoke interrupts the electric charge

Question 44

photoelectric smoke detector

Answer 44

uses lights/lasers and a sensor, smoke interrupts beam between light and laser

Question 45

NFPA 13

Answer 45

standard for installation of sprinkler systems

Question 46

NFPA13D

Answer 46

standard for installation of sprinkler systems in one and two family dwellings and manufactured homes

Question 47

(ESFR) Early Suppression Fast Response sprinkler system

Answer 47

wet system for pallet and rack storage up to 35ft with increased flow densities - up to 5 times as much water

Question 48

preaction sprinkler system

Answer 48

dry system usually in high value property areas. connected to detection equipment and requires activation of fire detector to activate

Question 49

deluge sprinkler system

Answer 49

dry system. requires activation of fire detector or manual station, uses open sprinkler heads

Question 50

residential sprinkler system compared to commercial

Answer 50

uses lower water pressure, smaller system, smaller piping (CPVC or copper), require less heat to activate

Question 51

fire stages

Answer 51

incipient growth fully developed decay

Question 52

first known fire code written in ____ (year)

Answer 52

1772 in present day Iraq

Question 53

number of building occupancy classes

Answer 53

10

Question 54

the 2 high risk building occupancy classes

Answer 54

``` Group A (assembly) Group B (education) ```

Question 55

some of the most catastrophic fires in history as far as fatalities had compromised ____

Answer 55

means of egress

Question 56

10 building occupancy classifications

Answer 56

``` Assembly (A) Business (B) Educational (E) Factory and Industrial (F) High Hazard (H) Institutional (I) Mercantile (M) Residential (R) Storage (S) Utility and Miscellaneous (U) ```

Question 57

storage should conclude ___ below the sprinklers

Answer 57

at least 18 inches

Question 58

pre-action sprinkler system

Answer 58

used in area of high valued property, dry piping, closed sprinkler heads, requires activation of detector to operate

Answer 59

used in areas with potentially fast fire spread, dry piping, all open sprinkler heads that all activate at the same time, deliver up to 5 times as much water as other systems

Question 60

NFPA __ covers portable fire extinguishers

Answer 60

NFPA 10

Question 61

NFPA __ covers fire alarm and detection systems

Answer 61

NFPA 72

Question 62

care should be taken to keep explanations ______

Answer 62

simple

Question 63

fire is a __________ reaction

Answer 63

exothermic

Question 64

when winds fan the flames and quicken the spread the fire is known as a

Answer 64

conflagration

Question 65

the first fire prevention day was in ____(year)

Answer 65

1911

Question 66

What are the three basic occupancy code types

Answer 66

Specification code Performance code Technical code

Question 67

NFPA ___ addresses occupant safety in buildings with regard to the establishment and maintenance of exits. written in ____ (year)

Answer 67

NFPA 101 | 1911

Question 68

Model building and fire codes and NFPA 101 classify buildings into __ general classifications.

Answer 68

10

Question 69

3 parts to an egress

Answer 69

Exit access Exit Exit Discharge

Question 70

5 Types of occupancy hazards

Answer 70

``` Fire Hazard Common Fire Hazard Personal Fire Hazard Target Fire Hazard Special Fire Hazard ```

Question 71

some pull stations may be;

Answer 71

hollow on the inside and not operate

Question 72

5 types of sprinkler systems

Answer 72

``` Wet Pipe Sprinkler System Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Sprinkler System Dry Pipe Sprinkler System Preaction Sprinkler System Deluge Sprinkler System ```