Chapter 2: Diagnosis and Intervention

Question 1

second step of the NCP, which is defined as the “identification and labeling of nutritional problems that dietetics practitioners are responsible for treating independently” (Lacey and Pritchett 2003). In 2005, the ADA approved a specialized terminology for dietetics practice, the International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT). IDNT contains four sets of terms and definitions, one for each step of the NCP.

Answer 1

Nutrition Diagnosis

Question 2

practiced by many religions. It has been identified as a mechanism that allows one to improve one’s body, to earn approval (as with Allah or Buddha), or to understand and appreciate the sufferings of others.

Answer 2

Fasting

Question 3

defined as “purposely planned actions intended to positively change a nutrition-related behavior, environmental condition or aspect of health for an individual (and his/her family or caregivers), target group or the community at large” (ADA, 2009).

Answer 3

Nutrition Intervention

Question 4

Two Types of NI

Answer 4

Direct nutrition interventions
Indirect interventions

Question 5

might include nutrition education, insertion of an enteral feeding tube, or providing recipes for modified diets.

Answer 5

Direct nutrition interventions

Question 6

might include referrals to outside agencies, collaborating with colleagues in pharmacy for medication management, or requesting orders for nutrition education.

Answer 6

Indirect interventions

Question 7

the format closely reflects the steps of the nutrition care process. The letters represent the different steps: Assessment, Diagnosis, Intervention, Monitoring and Evaluation.

Answer 7

ADIME format

Question 8

the oldest method for documenting nutrition care and is
still in popular use.

Answer 8

SOAP format

Question 9

information obtained in an interview with the patient or caregiver and includes chief medical problem and relevant symptoms

Answer 9

Subjective

Question 10

information includes nutrition screening or assessment data, such as the results of anthropometric and laboratory tests and the physical examination.

Answer 10

Objective

Question 11

information includes nutrition screening or assessment data, such as the results of anthropometric and laboratory tests and the physical examination.

Answer 11

Objective

Question 12

section contains brief evaluation of the subjective and objective data and provide concise diagnoses of the nutrition problems.

Answer 12

Assessment

Question 13

recommendations that can help solve the problem, including the nutrition prescription, plan for nutrition education and counseling, and referrals to other professionals or agencies.

Answer 13

Plan

Question 14

approach for food/nutrient provision.

Answer 14

Food and/or Nutrient Delivery

Question 15

A formal process to instruct or train a patient/client in a skill or to impart knowledge to help patients/clients voluntarily manage or modify food, nutrition and physical activity choices and behavior to maintain or improve health

Answer 15

Nutrition Education

Question 16

A supportive process, characterized by a collaborative counselor-patient relationship, to establish food, nutrition and physical activity priorities, goals, and individualized action plans that acknowledge and foster responsibility for self-care to treat an existing condition and promote health

Answer 16

Nutrition Counseling

Question 17

Consultation with, referral to, or coordination of nutrition care with other health care providers, institutions, or agencies that can assist in treating or managing nutrition related problems

Answer 17

Coordination of Nutrition Care

Question 18

This includes all aspects of an “individualized approach to food/nutrient provision” (ADA, 2009). These interventions include the amount of foods served, type of foods, meal timing, mealtime environment, and alternate methods for feeding

Answer 18

Food Nutrient and Delivery

Question 19

provides nutrients using the gastrointestinal tract (GI) tract. Enteral nutrition includes oral diets or supplements, but the term more often refers to the use of tube feedings, which supply nutrients directly to the stomach or intestine via a thin, flexible tube.

Answer 19

Enteral feeding

Question 20

tube is placed into the stomach via the nose

Answer 20

Nasogastric

Question 21

tube is placed into the GI tract via the nose. (nasoenteric feeding usually refer to nasoduodenal and nasojejunal feedings.)

Answer 21

Nasoenteric

Question 22

tube is placed into the duodenum via the nose

Answer 22

Nasoduodenal

Question 23

tube is placed into the jejunum via the nose

Answer 23

Nasojejunal

Question 24

tube is inserted into the stomach through the mouth. This method is often used to feed infants because a nasogastric tube may hinder the infant’s breathing.

Answer 24

Orogastric tube

Question 25

an opening into the GI tract through the abdominal wall.

Answer 25

Enterostomy

Question 26

an opening into the stomach through which a feeding tube can be passed. A nonsurgical technique for creating a gastrostomy under local anesthesia is called percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).

Answer 26

Gastrostomy

Question 27

an opening into the jejunum through which a feeding tube can be passed. A nonsurgical technique for creating a jejunostomy is called percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (PEJ). The tube can either be guided into the jejunum via a gastrostomy or passed directly into the jejunum (direct PEJ).

Answer 27

Jejunostomy

Question 28

Types of Enteral Formulas

Answer 28

• Standardized/ Intact formulas
• Elemental formulas
• Modular formulas
• Specialized formulas

Question 29

• nutrients are delivered using only the peripheral veins
• the infusion of nutrient solutions into peripheral veins, usually a vein in the
arm or back of the hand
• most often used in patients who require short-term nutrition support (about 7 to 10 days) and who do not have high nutrient needs or fluid restrictions

Answer 29

Peripheral Parental Nutrition (PPN)

Question 30

• the infusion of nutrient solutions into a central vein
• preferred for patients who require long-term parenteral nutrition

Answer 30

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)