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Research Methods Psych 201 > Chapter 2 Conducting Psychological Research > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Conducting Psychological Research Flashcards

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1
Q

Serendipity

A

the accidental discovery that comes about when looking to discover something else

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2
Q

Psych Articles

A

APA database
less than 100 Journal articles
-full text access for all articles
-parameters for finding author, titles, keywords

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3
Q

Psych Info

A

2500 journal articles including Psych Articles

a database of abstracts rather than online articles

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4
Q

Boolean Operators

A

“and” “or” “not”

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5
Q

Structure of research article

A

Abstract- summary
Intro-general topic, specific questions
Method-subsections, participants, design, procedure
Results-analyse data
Discussion- Expand on key findings, limitations, further study
References- cite sources

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6
Q

Understanding research Articles

A
  • abstract and methods is best, or discussion

- results compliacted

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7
Q

Review articles:

Qualitative and Quantitative review

A
  • Qualitative: Authors review imperial evidence in a literature
    non-statistical literature
    -Quantitative:
    Meta-analyses: researches gathers information from several articles on a particular topic of interest. Then evaluates the information of all these studies and combines the results to see what the most consistent outcome/overall state of the literature
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8
Q

Inductive Reasoning

A

using specific facts to form a general conclusion

-Data driven “bottom-up”

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9
Q

Theory

A

a set of formal statements that specifies the how and why variables are related

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10
Q

Deductive Reasoning

A

A general principle to reach a more specific conclusion

-theory driven “top-down”

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11
Q

Testability

A

Possible to gather evidence to disconfirm the prediction FALSIFY

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12
Q

Quantitative Research

A

numerical data and statistical analyses to interpret, describe, and understand behaviour

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13
Q

Qualitative Research

A

Achieve relatively holistic or thematic description and understanding of behaviour, through non-stat analyses

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14
Q

Content Analyses

A

an analyses of different types of content found within or represented by a set of data

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15
Q

Experiment

A

Manipulating variables to gain control over extraneous factors and measure participants response

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16
Q

Between-subject Design

A

Each participant engages in only 1 condition of the independent variable
-random assignment used

17
Q

Within-subject Design

A

Every participant engages in all I.V conditions

18
Q

Confounding Variable

A

An extraneous factor that systematically varies along with the focused variables being studied, providing potential alternative explanations.

19
Q

Counterbalancing

A

varies the order of conditions in an experiment so neither has an advantage.
1/2 of participants engage in 1 condition first

20
Q

descriptive Research

A

(non-experimental) measures variables, but does not manipulate them

21
Q

Extraneous variable

A

a factor that is not the focus of the study, but could influence the outcome

22
Q

External validity

A

inferences about the generalizability of the findings beyond experimental circumstances

23
Q

Internal Validity

A

degree to which we can infer that one variable had causal influence over another variable. Control increases validity

24
Q

Cross-sectional Research Design and its DISADVANTAGE

A

people of different ages compared at the same point in time

-disadvantage: COHORT EFFECT: different age groups grow up in different environments, and have different histories.

25
Q

Longitudinal Research Design

A

Same participants tested across different periods of time

  • studying aging process in same people
  • very time consuming
26
Q

Cohort Sequential Research Design

A

Several age cohorts are studied longitudinally

27
Q

Population

A

All cases or observations of interest in a given study

28
Q

Sample

A

subset of cases or observation from a population

29
Q

Quantitative Analyses

A

mathematical stats to interpret data

30
Q

Qualitative Analyses

A

identifying, describing different types of behaviours, outcomes etc.

31
Q

Measures of central tendency

A

Typical values or centre of distribution scores
set organized from lowest to highest or vice versa
Mode
Median
Mean * most common, downfall is outliers

32
Q

Measures of Dispersion

A

Range
Variance
standard Deviation

33
Q

Type 1 error

A

False alarm proclaiming study is comparable to natural world when it is not (innocent, but verdict is guilty)

34
Q

Type 2 error

A

A missed opportunity to report and discover correlation between variables(Guilty but verdict is innocent)

35
Q

Descriptive Stats

A

Organize and summarize a set of data

36
Q

Inferential Stats

A

Draw conclusions about a population based on data from a sample

Research Methods Psych 201 (4 decks)

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