Chapter 1 Flashcards
The 3 door problem
Marilyn Vos Savant claims its a 2/3 chance probability of getting the car if participant switches doors. Each door has a 1/3 probability of having a car behind it
Tenacity
Believing something because we have long believed it
refusing to adhere to evidence that is contrary to engraved belief
Authority
relying on other people as a source of knowledge and beliefs becasue they are a CREDIBLE source
- if the person is an expertise on the subject
- if we perceive person as trust worthy
Reason and Logic
use of logic and rationality in an argument to reach a conclusion for how things must be
Empiricism
acquiring knowledge through observation and experience
Confirmation Bias
when you only attend to information that confirms your pre-existing belief
Systematic empiricism
systematically evaluating and gathering empirical evidence and using reasoning to evaluate the evidence
Goals of science
Description
prediction
control
explanation
Operationalism
very specific details when defining the terms for an experiment
Basic scientific research
interest in describing/expaining behaviour
Applied Research
altering behaviour/situation or solve problem
skepticism
carefully evaluating and not blindly accepting claims
Main points of description
- describe behaviour in given situation
- develop coding systems to describe behaviour
Main points of Explanation
- form through empirical testing
- may have proximal (immediate) or distal (remote) causes
- develop hypothesis and theories about causes(explaining behaviour)
Main points of Prediciton
- hypothesis and theory testing
- test theories and hypothesis, may be based on theory from pre-discovered knowledge/evidence
