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Brannigans building construction for the fire service > Chapter 2: Concepts of Construction > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Concepts of Construction Flashcards

1
Q

consists of all the structural elements and the connections that support and transfer the loads

A

gravity resistance system

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2
Q

This means that to some degree they will resist fire-caused collapse.

A

fire resistive

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3
Q

NFPA 5000

A

Building Construction and Safety Code

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4
Q

what is a force or other actions that result from the weight of all building materials, occupants and their possessions, environmental effects, differential movement, and restrained dimensional changes

A

Load

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5
Q

result of forces applied to a structural member

A

Stress and strain

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6
Q

the force per unit area that produces a deformation. Measured in psi or psf.

A

Stress

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7
Q

actual percentage of deformation that occurs when a material is stressed. Measured in fractions of an inch of deformation per inch of original length of the material

A

Strain

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8
Q

KIP

A

1000 pounds force

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9
Q

Four types of forces

A

Compression- force squeezes a structural member
Tension- force that stretches a member, e.g., steel cable
Torsion- a twisting force
Shear- opposing forces pull the member in opposite directions e.g., wind load

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10
Q

the weight of the building itself and any equipment permanently attached to it.

A

Dead Load

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11
Q

any loads other than dead loads

A

Live Load

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12
Q

load distributed over entire area

A

Uniform live load

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13
Q

What is the name of the load that applies to specific large objects?

A

Concentrated load

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14
Q

water trapped in a building or on a roof from weather or fire fighting operations is what type of load?

A

Added Live Load

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15
Q

Waters weight

A

8.34 lbs/gallon

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16
Q

loads that are delivered in a short time

A

Impact Loads

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17
Q

force that acts on a structure from a horizontal direction

A

Lateral Impact Load

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18
Q

loads that are applied slowly and remain constant

A

Static Load

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19
Q

loads that are applied intermittently

A

Repeated Loads

20
Q

wall that counteracts the effects of lateral loads

A

Shear walls

21
Q

use diagonal members for bracing purposes

A

Braced frame

22
Q

use special moment connections between columns and beams that resist rotation.

A

Moment frame

23
Q

an arrangement of braces between columns that resemble the letter “K”

A

K-bracing

24
Q

the tensile connection members of a truss web

A

Tie

25
Q

designed to stiffen a building against wind and other lateral loads

A

Diaphragm floor

26
Q

Externally braced

A

Tube Construction

27
Q

Internally braced

A

Core Construction

28
Q

rectangular trusses with very rigid corner bracing

A

Vierendeel trusses

29
Q

heavy loads located at one point in a building

A

Concentrated Loads

30
Q

load is perpendicular to the plan and passes through the centroid of the section
Evenly applied load

A

Axial

31
Q

force that is perpendicular to the plan but does not pass through the center of the section.
Load is concentrated to one side of the center supporting wall or column

A

Eccentric

32
Q

potential fuel available to a fire.

A

Fire Loads

33
Q

rate of available energy released.

A

Heat Release Rate (HRR) (also expressed as Q)

34
Q

Btu (British thermal unit)

A

the amount of heat required to raise a pound of water one degree.

35
Q

Suspended Loads

A

a hanging load supported from above.

36
Q

Represents the ratio of the strength of the material just before failure to the safe working stress

A

Safety Factor

37
Q

Two materials combined to take advantage of the best of each

A

Composite Materials

38
Q

transfer loads laterally

A

Beams

39
Q

the line along which the length of the beam does not change

A

Neutral axis

40
Q

The load carrying capacity of a beam increases____

A

by the square of its depth

41
Q

a type of beam, a framed structure consisting of a group of triangles arranged in a single plane.

A

Truss

42
Q

Top chord of a truss is in _______. The bottom is in _______.

A

compression

tension

43
Q

transmits to the ground the compressive forces applied along the top at any point

A

Wall

44
Q

all loads are delivered to the ground through the _________.

A

foundation

45
Q

wood joist in masonry walls that have been fire cut to allow the floor to fall downwards

A

Self-releasing floors

Brannigans building construction for the fire service (9 decks)

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