Chapter 2: Computers and their business application

Question 1

1 byte

Answer 1

8 bits

Question 2

a bit

Answer 2

a single value of 0 or 1

Question 3

what components does the cpu consist of?

Answer 3

The Arithmetic logic unit and the control unit.

Question 4

Multi processor

Answer 4

More than one CPU

Question 5

input device

Answer 5

send data and information to a computer

Question 6

output devices

Answer 6

represents processed information from the computer. E.g computer screens(soft copy), printers (hard copy)

Question 7

Two types of memory

Answer 7

Main memory and secondary memory

Question 8

Characteristics of main memory

Answer 8

-Not stable
- losses data if electricity is interrupted

Question 9

Secondary memory

Answer 9

-Stable
- Keeps data when computer is switched off

Question 10

volatile memory

Answer 10

1. RAM
   2.Cache RAM

Question 11

Non-Volatile memory (data can only be retrieved not written) e.g Secondary storage

Answer 11

1.ROM

Question 12

3 Main types of secondary storage

Answer 12

1. Magnetic disk
2. Magnetic tape
3. Optical disk

Question 13

Magnetic disk

Answer 13

a storage device that uses a magnetization process to write, rewrite and access data. (does not store the data sequentially)

Question 14

Magnetic tape

Answer 14

stores data sequentially

Question 15

Optical disc

Answer 15

an electronic data storage medium that can be written to and read from using a low-powered laser beam. (CDs, DVDs, Blu-Rays)
- stores large amounts of data

Question 16

DVD?

Answer 16

Digital versatile disc

Question 17

CD-ROM

Answer 17

Compact disc read only memory

Question 18

RAID abbreviation?

Answer 18

Redundant array of independent disks

Question 19

What is RAID?

Answer 19

a way of storing the same data in different places on multiple hard disks or solid-state drives (SSDs) to protect data in the case of a drive failure

Question 20

Cloud storage

Answer 20

Online storage and backup
Various virtual servers operated by third parties e.g oneDrive

Question 21

Storage Area network

Answer 21

network of storage devices that can be accessed by multiple servers or computers, providing a shared pool of storage space.
-Makes storage devices available to all servers on a network

Question 22

Network attached storage

Answer 22

dedicated file storage that enables multiple users and heterogeneous client devices to retrieve data from centralized disk.
-Network-connected computer dedicated to providing file-based data storage services to other network devices

Question 23

LAN - Local Area Network

Answer 23

LANs are typically used in private households or in companies to set up home or corporate networks. This allows the various devices to communicate with each other. A LAN comprises at least two end devices, but it can also link several thousand devices to one another.

Question 24

WAN - Wide Area Network

Answer 24

Spread over several cities, states and even countries and are usually owned by multiple parties

Question 25

MAN -metropolitan Area Network

Answer 25

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that connects computers within a metropolitan area, which could be a single large city, multiple cities and towns, or any given large area with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than a local area network (LAN) but smaller than a wide area network (WAN).

Question 26

Source code?

Answer 26

1.Programmed using object code (consists of binary 0’s and 1’s)
2. Provides step-by-step instructions

Question 27

Criteria computers are classified by

Answer 27

1.Cost
2. Memory
3. Speed
4.Sophisrication

Question 28

two types of programs that run a computer system?

Answer 28

1. Operating system software
2. Application software

Question 29

Operating system software

Answer 29

Set of programs for controlling and managing computer hardware and software.
- provides an the user interface

Question 30

Application software : commercial vs in house development

Answer 30

commercial software = purchased
in house development = self developed