Chapter 2 Coaching to enhance participation and performance Flashcards
What are the three stages of learning?
Cognitive (beginner), Associative (intermediate), Autonomous (advanced).
What characterizes the cognitive stage of learning?
Frequent errors, trial-and-error learning, and difficulty detecting and correcting mistakes.
How does the associative stage differ from the cognitive stage?
Skills become more refined, errors decrease, and learners start recognizing their own mistakes.
What happens in the autonomous stage of learning?
Skill execution is automatic, allowing the athlete to focus on tactics and game awareness.
Why is understanding the stages of learning important for a coach?
It helps in tailoring coaching strategies to match the learner’s needs.
What are sociocultural influences?
Factors such as family, peers, community, gender, socioeconomic status, and cultural beliefs that affect skill development.
How does family influence skill development?
Through encouragement, providing resources, and acting as role models.
What role do peers play in skill development?
They influence participation choices and motivation to practice.
How can socioeconomic status affect skill development?
Access to facilities, coaching, and equipment can be limited by financial constraints.
How do cultural norms impact sports participation?
Certain sports may be more or less encouraged depending on cultural traditions.
What is the direct approach to coaching?
A coach-centered method where skills are explicitly taught and practiced in isolation before applying them in a game.
What is an example of a direct coaching method?
Line drills focusing on passing in basketball before a scrimmage.
What is a key advantage of the direct approach?
It provides structured learning and maximizes practice time.
What is a disadvantage of the direct approach?
It may limit creativity and decision-making skills in real game situations.
Why is the direct approach useful for beginners?
It provides clear instructions and repetition to develop basic skills.
What is the constraint-based approach to coaching?
A learner-centered method where constraints (task, individual, and environmental) shape skill development.
What are the three types of constraints in coaching?
- Individual (e.g., height, fitness)
- Environmental (e.g., weather, facilities)
- Task (e.g., rules, equipment)
How does a constraint-based approach differ from direct coaching?
It encourages discovery learning and problem-solving rather than prescribed techniques.
What is an example of a constraint-based training drill?
A small-sided soccer game where passing is restricted to two touches.
What are the advantages of the constraint-based approach?
It develops decision-making skills and transfers well to game situations.
Why should a coach modify training for different skill levels?
To ensure effective learning based on the athlete’s stage of development.
What is ‘explicit learning’ in coaching?
Learning through direct instruction, where athletes are told exactly what to do.
What is ‘implicit learning’ in coaching?
Learning through experience and problem-solving rather than direct instruction.
How does match simulation help advanced athletes?
It improves tactical awareness and decision-making under pressure.
